2022年考博英语-四川师范大学考试题库(难点、易错点剖析)附答案有详解35

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1、2022年考博英语-四川师范大学考试题库(难点、易错点剖析)附答案有详解1. 单选题He complied with the requirement that all graduate students in education _ a thesis.问题1选项A.writeB.writingC.to writeD.be writing【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。与动词require的宾语从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气一样,名词requirement的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语动词也需用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可省略。句意:他遵守了所有教育学研究生都要写毕业论文的要求。因此A

2、选项正确。2. 单选题“Is George really leaving the university?”“Yes, but would you mind _ to anyone?”问题1选项A.not to mention itB.not mention itC.not mentioning itD.not to mentioning it【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。动词mind后面要求跟动名词,构成mind doing something“介意做某事”。否定句式为would you mind not doing sth“请你不要做好吗?”。句意:“乔治真的要退学了吗?”“是的,但你能不

3、能别告诉别人?”。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题When a country is under-populated, newcomers are not competitors, but assistants. If more come they may produce not only new quotas, but a (1) as well. In such a state of things land is (2) and cheap. The possession of it (3) no power or privilege. No one will work for another

4、 for wages (4) he can take up new land and be his own master. Hence it will pay no one to own more land than he can (5) by his own labor, or with such aid as his own family (6) . Hence, again, land (7) little or no rent; there will be no landlords living on rent and no laborers living on (8) , but o

5、nly a middle class of yeoman farmers. All are (9) on an equality, and democracy becomes the political form, because this is the only state of society in which equality, on which democracy is (10) , is realized as a fact. The same effects are powerfully (11) by other facts. In a new and under-populat

6、ed country the industries which are most profitable are the extractive industries. The (12) of these, with the exception of some kinds of mining, is that they call (13) only a low organization of labor and small amount of capital. Hence they allow the workman to become (14) his own master, and they

7、educate him to freedom, independence, and self- (15) . At the same time, the social groups being only (16) marked off from each other, it is easy to (17) from one class of occupations, and consequently from one social grade, to another. Finally, under the same circumstances, education, skill, and su

8、perior training have but inferior value compared with what they have in (18) populated countries. The (19) lie in an under-populated country, with the (20) , unskilled, manual occupations, and not with the highest developments of science, literature, and art.问题1选项A.surplusB.plusC.remainsD.remainder问

9、题2选项A.scarceB.sacredC.abundantD.extractive问题3选项A.infersB.defersC.confersD.refers问题4选项A.butB.whenC.whileD.so问题5选项A.cultivateB.culminateC.calculateD.conceive问题6选项A.requestsB.suppliesC.impliesD.deploys问题7选项A.fostersB.promotesC.bearsD.contributes问题8选项A.rewardsB.salariesC.wagesD.awards问题9选项A.intentionall

10、yB.potentiallyC.substantiallyD.consistently问题10选项A.fertilizedB.basedC.drawnD.guaranteed问题11选项A.influencedB.checkedC.reinforcedD.reshaped问题12选项A.featureB.characteristicC.essenceD.fundamental问题13选项A.offB.onC.toD.for问题14选项A.speedilyB.merrilyC.unfortunatelyD.amusingly问题15选项A.autonomyB.relianceC.dependen

11、ceD.regulation问题16选项A.obviouslyB.vaguelyC.positivelyD.apparently问题17选项A.transferB.transformC.transmitD.transport问题18选项A.sporadicallyB.denselyC.looselyD.neatly问题19选项A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.gainsD.deficits问题20选项A.flexibleB.coarseC.presentableD.masculine【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A第6题:B第7题:C第8题:C

12、第9题:C第10题:B第11题:C第12题:B第13题:D第14题:A第15题:B第16题:B第17题:A第18题:B第19题:A第20题:B【解析】1.考查名词辨析。A选项surplus“剩余;顺差;盈余;过剩”(指超过需要数量之外的剩余);B选项plus“优势;加号;加法;附加额”;C选项remains“残余物,剩饭菜;古迹,遗迹;遗骸”(常指人或动物死后的遗体或遗骨,也指古代文明的遗迹或去世作家尚未发表的遗稿);D选项remainder“余数,残余;剩余物;其余的人”(含义较广,可以指数学运算中的余数,也指从整体取走或用掉部分后的所余部分,或一群人走掉一部分剩下的人)。句意:当一个国家人

13、口不足时,新来者不是竞争对手,而是助手。如果更多,他们可能不仅会产生新的指标,还会产生盈余。因此A选项正确。2.逻辑关系题。A选项scarce“缺乏的,不足的;稀有的”;B选项sacred“神的;神圣的;宗教的;庄严的”;C选项abundant“丰富的;充裕的;盛产的”;D选项extractive“提取的;可萃取的;精粹的;采掘的”。根据上下文可知,在人口不足的国家里,土地是充足的,与后面的cheap相呼应。句意:在这样的国家里,土地是充足而廉价的。因此C选项正确。3.考查动词辨析。A选项infer“推断;推论;做出推论”;B选项defer“推迟;延期;服从;使推迟;使延期”;C选项confe

14、r“授予;给予;协商”,常与on连用;D选项refers“参考;涉及;提到;查阅;涉及;委托;归诸于;使求助于”。句意:拥有土地并不意味着拥有权力和特权。因此C选项正确。4.考查逻辑关系。A选项but“但是”,表示转折关系;B选项when“当时候”,表示时间,也可表示条件;C选项while“当时候”,有转折、对比、递进的意义,但无条件的意义;D选项so“所以,因此”,表示结果。本题上下句之间是条件关系,其意为:如果一个人有了新土地自谋生路,他就不会为了赚钱而替别人工作。因此B选项正确。5.考查上下文语义。此处需要一个动词与上文中的名词land搭配,A选项cultivate“培养;陶冶;耕作”;B选项culminate“到绝顶;达到高潮;达到顶点”;C选项calculate“计算;预测;认为;打算”;D选项conceive“怀孕;构思;以为;持有”。其中只有A选项cultivate能与land搭配,意为“耕作土地”,因此A选项正确。6.考查动词辨析。A选项request“请求”;B选项supply“提

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