《初中英语从句小结》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语从句小结（15页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、从句的共同特点从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子，充当什么成分就叫什么从句，如：充当宾语就叫宾语从句，充当定语成分就叫定语从句。从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点：从句是句子。从句的共同特点：1.从句都有自己的连接词 2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前，谓语在后，如：He is a teacher主语 He 在谓语is之前，因此是陈述语序，而Is he a teacher? 主语 He 在谓语is之后，因此不是陈述语序。)1.宾语从句宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子，如：He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he
2、grew up.宾语从句的特点：宾语从句有自己的连接词 宾语从句用陈述语序 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特别疑问词。宾语从句的语序;A.宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后),如：I want to know if he can come tomorrowB.当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时，后面直接加谓语动词，如：She asked me who had helped him.宾语从句的时态，只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任，主过则从过，客观真理一般现”A.主现则从任：主句如果是一般现在时，则从句依据时间状语需要
3、从八种时态中任选一种，如：1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时)B.主过则从过：主句如果是一般过去时，则从句依据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种，带“过”字的时态分别是如：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。如：He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时)C.客观真理一般现:客观真理永久用一般现在时。如：1.He says the moon goes around the earth.2.状语从句2.1 时间状语从句：在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。时间状语的连接词
4、：when(当时候) while(当时候) as(当时候) after(在以后) before(在以前) as soon as(一就) since(自从到现在) till /until(直到才) by the time(到为止)照旧是连接词后加陈述语序。举例：when当的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。)Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.2.2 缘由状语从句：在一个句子中作缘由语的句子。连接词：由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导。举例：
5、I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill.2.3 条件状语从句连接词：if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(让步)举例：If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.2.4 目的、结果状语从句目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子目的状语从句连接词so that, sothat , in order that 引导。结果状语从句连接词 sothat, suchthat, so much/manythat引导。举例：soth
6、at 如此以至于The scientists report was so instructive that we were all very excited.2.5 让步状语从句让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子连接词： though, although.，whetheror not举例：Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.宾语从句：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。由下列词引导， 1. 由 that 引导（ that在口语中可省略）He said ( that) he would like to see the headmaster.She
7、 said (that ) she would leave a message on his desk.He was afraid that he would forget his Chinese.2. 接连接代词或连接副词引导.(what .who .which . whose /where, when ,how ).Do you know what time the train leaves?Can you tell me which class you are in?I wanted to know where we should show our tickets.3. whether
8、或if 引导Lily wanted to know if it would rain the next day.She asked if they would go to the park this Sunday.*在选择疑问句中，或与or not 连用时，必须用whether而不能用if。 变宾语从句需要注意以下几点：a 时态变化： 主句是一般现在时，从句可以是任何时态 主句是过去时，从句必须是过去时态的一种 主句是将来时，从句必须是一般现在时。 B人称变化：不常用 如：He asked me.“Are you a teacher？” He asked me if I was a teach
9、er。 C语序变化：Where is Mike ？ Do you know？ Do you know where Mike is ？Practise ：1 He said .The boy is a clever boy.2 He is sure. His team can beat them 3 He was afraid. It will be windy tomorrow.4 He said. The lost book was founded.5 He hopes . He will be able to pass the exam.6 He asked . When will the
10、 bus arrive？7 Mother asked her son . Whose pen are you using?8 The children said. We enjoy ourselves very much.9 The boy asked me . Have you heard any noise from outside?10. Do you know . Which way must we take to?11. I dont know . Why is he late for the meeting?12. Do you remember When did he die?1
11、3. Nobody knows When will he come back?14. Do you know What are they looking for?15. He asked me How long does it take to walk to school?16. Father asked me What is wrong with you?17. I didnt know He is going to have a boy.18. They never asked Will it be a boy or a girl?19. He didnt know population
12、is a big problem.20. I thought He will come back soon.21. He asked me Which TV programme will you watch?22. I dont know Will it grow fast?23. Lily asked Can the man help them 24. Mother asked Do they have a cheaper one?25. She asked Lucy Do you need some more tea?26. The teacher asked us Do you have
13、 any questions?27. He asked What did Lucy say ?28. She didnt know Who was in the room?29. They wanted know What is in the stockings?30. He asked What is his present?31. He asked Did Jim have a good journey home?32. He wanted to know Was it warm in Moscow ?33. He asked Where is Jack?34. He wanted to
14、know What has happened?35. He asked Is anybody hurt ?时间状语从句：常用下列词语 when 、after、 before 、as soon as 、(not )until 、since关于主、从句的时态关系与宾语从句全都1. I was doing my homework when he came in.2. I will write to you as soon as I get there .3. I will finish the cooking before my mother comes back.4. I didnt go to
15、bed until my mother returned home 条件状语从句： 1.We wont go to the park if it rains tomorrow.2.If you have lost the book , you must pay for it .缘由状语从句：常用下列词语 because , for , as , so 1. I am late because I missed the train.2. He was lazy so he didnt pass the exam.综合练习：用适当的词填空1. You can not go to the classroom _
