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1、2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题Ships passing on the high seas exchanged salutes by lowering and raising their flags once.问题1选项A.information tB.ceremonies tC.greetings tD.privileges【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。salute表示“敬礼，致敬”；A项information“信息”，B项ceremony“仪式，典礼”，C项greeting“招呼，问候”，D项privilege“特权”。句意：在公海上经过
2、的船只通过降旗和升旗互致敬礼。根据句意可知，该题选择C项正确。2. 单选题As（ ）China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.问题1选项A.in the light ofB.in the event ofC.in the case ofD.in the course of【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A项in the light of“根据，鉴于”，B项in the event of“万一，如果”，C项in the
3、case of“在情况下，在方面”，D项in the course of“在过程中”；根据句子语意“就中国和其他新兴出口大国，加强反腐败活动的努力正在获得势头”可知，C项符合语境。句意：就中国和其他新兴出口大国方面来说，加强反腐败活动的努力正在获得势头。因此，该题选择C项正确。3. 单选题In the Navajo household, grandparents and other relatives play indispensable roles in raising children.问题1选项A.dominantB.exemplaryC.essentialD.demanding【答案】
4、C【解析】考查形容词辨析。indispensable表示“不可缺少的”；A项dominant“占优势的，支配的”，B项exemplary“典范的，惩戒性”，C项essential“必要的”，D项demanding“要求高的，苛求的”。句意：在纳瓦霍家庭中，祖父母和其他亲戚在抚养孩子方面扮演着不可或缺的角色。根据句意可知，该题选择C项正确。4. 单选题The public attached great importance to the news that prices of housing would be brought under control.问题1选项A.joinedB.ascrib
5、edC.fastenedD.diverted【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。attach表示“依附，附加”，attach importance to表示“重视，着重于”；A项join“参加”，B项ascribe“归因于，归咎于”，C项fasten“使之固定”，D项divert“转移”。句意：公众对房价将得到控制的消息非常重视。根据句意可知，只有ascribe能与great importance匹配，故该题B项正确。5. 单选题According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers（ ）better thinkers than heavy d
6、rinkers or those who never drink.问题1选项A.end upB.take upC.put upD.turn up【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A项end up“结束，最终成为”，B项take up“拿起，开始从事”，C项put up“提供，举起”，D项turn up“出现，发生”；根据句子后半句“适度饮酒者比酗酒者或从不喝酒的人更善于思考。”可推断，空格部分表示“最终成为”。句意：根据澳大利亚的一项研究，适度饮酒者比重度饮酒者或从不饮酒的人更善于思考。因此，该题选择A项正确。6. 单选题Some states in the US have set（ ）stan
7、dards concerning math and science tests.问题1选项A.energeticB.vigorousC.rigorousD.grave【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项energetic“精力充沛的，积极的”，B项vigorous“有力的”，C项rigorous“严厉的，严格的”，D项grave“重大的，严肃的”；根据空格后面的standard（标准）以及关键词math and science tests（数学和科学测试），结合句子的语境，只有C项符合。句意：美国的一些州已经为数学和科学考试设置了严格的标准。因此，该题选择C项正确。7. 单选题Every y
8、ear, as the price of goods rises, the inflation refuses to（1）even from the high educational institutions.In the US, according to a 2005 survey by the College Board,（2）at state universities rose by an average of 7.1 percent annually, after a year when inflation grew much less. At private schools it w
9、as up 5.9 percent. The survey which（3）more than 3,000 colleges and universities did not provide clear reasons for the continued increases. It did say that the price of goods and services at universities have risen rapidly. Some of the fastest growth has been in employee health（4）, and professional s
10、alaries.Living expenses on campus have also（5）. At the university of Southern California student dining hall, a buffet meal cost $5.50 in 2004. But now its $9. The US government often provides （6）assistance to students lunch in primary and high schools, but these favorable policies usually dont（7）un
11、iversities.Some students said the food on campus is sometimes even more expensive than that at restaurants（8）campus. To compensate the rise in tuition and living expenses, the federal and state governments（9）universities and private sources have provided（10）for students. Of all the full time undergr
12、aduates about 62 percent have a grant covering 30-50 percent of their tuition, according to the College Board.问题1选项A.stay awayB.stand outC.step downD.set off问题2选项A.faresB.paymentC.chargesD.tuition问题3选项A.attendedB.coveredC.includedD.composed问题4选项A.welfaresB.advantagesC.benefitsD.goods问题5选项A.rolled up
13、B.gone upC.sat upD.taken up问题6选项A.managementB.economicC.policyD.financial问题7选项A.apply toB.suit forC.adjust toD.gear for问题8选项A.inB.toC.offD.over问题9选项A.as well asB.the same asC.as far asD.such as问题10选项A.graspsB.grainsC.groundsD.grants【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:C第9题:A第10题:D【解析】第1题:考查词组辨
14、析。A项stay away“远离”，B项stand out“站出来，坚持到底”，C项step down“走下，逐步减低”，D项set off“出发，动身”。根据句子Every year, as the price of goods rises, the inflation refuses to（ ）even from the high educational institutions中的from可知，stay away from固定用法，表示“远离”。句意：每年，随着商品价格的上涨，通货膨胀甚至对高等教育机构也产生了影响。故该题选A。第2题:考查名词辨析和上下文语义。A项fares“票价，车费”，B项payment“支付，付款”，C项charges“费用”，D项tuition“学费”。根据空格后的at state universities rose by an average of 7.1 percent annually（在州立大学，平均每年增长7.1%）可知，空格处表示“学费”。句意：根据美国大学理事会（College Board）2005年的一项调查，美国州立大学的学费平均每年上涨7.1%，而过去一年的通货膨胀幅度要小得多。故该题选D。第3题:考查动词辨析。A项attend“参加”，B项cover“
