《TED英语演讲：可爱,性感,甜,搞笑》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《TED英语演讲：可爱,性感,甜,搞笑（9页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、TED英语演讲：可爱,性感,甜,搞笑 为何宝宝可爱? 为何蛋糕甜美? 哲学家Dan Dennett有你不会期望的答案，因为她分享了可爱，甜美和性感的东西进化的违反直觉的推理。下面是XX为大家搜集相关，欢迎借鉴参考。Cute, sexy, sweet, funny演讲者：Dan Dennett| 中英对照演讲稿 |Im going around the world giving talks about Darwin, and usually what Im talking about is Darwins strange inversion of reasoning. Now that titl
2、e, that phrase, comes from a critic, an early critic, and this is a passage that I just love, and would like to read for you.我经常在世界各地做相关达尔文的演讲，通常我全部要讲到的是达尔文奇怪的“反向逻辑”。这个“头衔”，这个名词，来自于一个批评，一个早先的批评。我喜爱这篇文章，很愿意给大家念一下。In the theory with which we have to deal, Absolute Ignorance is the artificer; so that w
3、e may enunciate as the fundamental principle of the whole system, that, in order to make a perfect and beautiful machine, it is not requisite to know how to make it. This proposition will be found on careful examination to express, in condensed form, the essential purport of the Theory, and to expre
4、ss in a few words all Mr. Darwins meaning; who, by a strange inversion of reasoning, seems to Ignorance fully qualified to take the place of Absolute Wisdom in the achievements of creative skill.这个我们要探讨的理论之中，“全然无知”变成了创造者;那么让我们清楚说明这个理论体系的根本标准，那就是，在制造一个完美的机器之前，完全没有必需知道怎样来制造它。这种说法被建立在详尽的研究之上来传达这个理论的要义，
5、也传达了达尔文先生的全部意思;她用这么一个奇怪的“反向逻辑”似乎认为“绝正确无知”完全有资格替换“绝正确智慧”来完成需要创造性技能的工作。Exactly. Exactly. And it is a strange inversion. A creationist pamphlet has this wonderful page in it: TestTwo: Do you know of any building that didnt have a builder? Yes/No. Do you know of any painting that didnt have a painter? Y
6、es/No. Do you know of any car that didnt have a maker? Yes/No. If you answered Yes for any of the above,give details.可不是嘛!可不是嘛!这真是一个奇怪的“反向”。一位上帝论者的小册子上有这么一页很出众：测验二 你知道任何一栋建筑没有它的建设者?有，没有 你知道有任何一副画没有它的绘画者?有，没有 你知道有任何一辆小汽车没有它的制造者么?有，没有 假如你在任一问题中答“有”，给出其细节。A-ha! I mean, it really is a strange inversion
7、of reasoning. You would have thought it stands to reason that design requires an intelligent designer. But Darwin shows that its just false.啊哈!我说，这可真是一个奇怪的“反向逻辑”啊!你可能认为这种说法站得住脚：那就是但凡设计全部需要一个智慧的设计者。可达尔文证实，那是错误的。Today, though, Im going to talk about Darwins other strange inversion, which is equally pu
8、zzling at first, but in some ways just as important. It stands to reason that we love chocolate cake because it is sweet. Guys go for girls like this because they are sexy. We adore babies because theyre so cute. And, of course, we are amused by jokes because they are funny.不过今天，我要谈的是达尔文的另一个奇怪的“反向逻辑
9、”。它乍眼看来也是一样莫名其妙，但从某种程度上说，它也是一样关键。说我们喜爱巧克力是因为它很甜，似乎说得过去。小伙子们迷这么的姑娘，因为她们很性感。我们溺爱这么的婴儿，因为她们是那么可爱。当然，我们还喜爱笑话，因为它们搞笑。This is all backwards. It is. And Darwin shows us why. Lets start with sweet. Our sweet tooth is basically an evolved sugar detector, because sugar is high energy, and its just been wired
10、up to the preferer, to put it very crudely, and thats why we like sugar. Honey is sweet because we like it, not we like it because honey is sweet.但这全部是倒因为果的逻辑。达尔文会告诉我们为何。从甜开始吧，我们馋甜的，其实是一个进化出来的糖探测器。因为糖是高热量的，所以它就被大脑强化为我们的一项偏爱。简单来讲，这就是为何我们喜爱糖。蜜是甜的，因为我们喜爱它，而不是“我们喜爱蜜，因为它是甜的。”Theres nothing intrinsically
11、sweet about honey. If you looked at glucose molecules till you were blind, you wouldnt see why they tasted sweet. You have to look in our brains to understand why theyre sweet. So if you think first there was sweetness, and then we evolved to like sweetness, youve got it backwards;thats just wrong.
12、Its the other way round. Sweetness was born with the wiring which evolved.蜂蜜内在没有任何所谓的甜。哪怕我们盯着葡萄糖，看到双眼失明我们也没法看出来为何它们是甜的。你必须要从我们大脑中来了解为何它们甜。所以假如你认为首先有了甜，然后我们进化成了喜爱甜，那你就搞反了：这是错的。应该是倒过来。甜的出现是和大脑里那个沟回的进化一起发生的。And theres nothing intrinsically sexy about these young ladies. And its a good thing that there
13、isnt, because if there were, then Mother Nature would have a problem: How on earth do you get chimps to mate? Now you might think, ah, theres a solution: hallucinations.这些年轻小姐们也没有什么内在的性感。而且没有是件好事，因为假如真的有了我们的自然之母就要有麻烦了：我可怎么让这些猩猩们交配啊?现在你可能在想。啊哈!我有一招：性幻想!-_-!That would be one way of doing it, but there
14、s a quicker way. Just wire the chimps up to love that look, and apparently they do. Thats all there is to six million years, we and the chimps evolved our different ways. We became bald-bodied, oddly enough; for one reason or another, they didnt. If we hadnt, then probably this would be the height o
15、f sexiness.这可能是个方法，但还有一招愈加快。就是让猩猩们的大脑产生个沟回，爱上那个样子。而且显然，它们爱上了。就是这么回事。 过了六百万年，我们和猩猩进化成了不一样的样子。 我们变得身躯无毛，有够奇怪的; 而因为某种原因，它们没有 假如我们也没有的话，那么可能这个就变成了绝顶性感了。Our sweet tooth is an evolved and instinctual preference for high-energy food. It wasnt designed for chocolate cake. Chocolate cake is a supernormal sti
16、mulus. The term is owed to NikoTinbergen, who did his famous experiments with gulls, where he found that that orange spot on the gulls beak - if he made a bigger, oranger spot the gullchicks would peck at it even harder.我们馋甜东西是一个进化出来的内在偏爱，偏爱高热量食物。那不是针对巧克力蛋糕而设计的。巧克力蛋糕是一个超常刺激。这个词是尼古拉斯丁伯根(Niko Tinbergen)提出来的。她做了她出名的海鸥试验她发觉了海鸥喙上的橘点假如她把这个点放大，染得更橘那么小海鸥就会更猛烈地啄它。
