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1、2022年考博英语-华中科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 翻译题一位专家近日称，漱口水（Mouthwashes）可能会导致口腔癌，并呼吁超市停售这类产品。1. 澳大利亚一名科学家对近期的一些相关研究进行调研后做出评论：目前有“足够的证据”可证明含有酒精的漱口水会增加患口腔癌的风险。麦克尔迈克洛夫教授称，一些漱口水比葡萄酒或啤酒还要危险，因为它们所含的酒精浓度较高，达到26%。该研究结果在澳大利亚口腔健康期刊上发表。迈克洛夫教授指出，漱口水应需处方才能购买，而且建议只能短期使用。他说：“我们发现口腔癌患者正是使用了含有酒精的漱口水，而并未涉及其他风险因素，所以在这项研究中，我们深入
2、分析了现有的全部病例。”2. 吸烟和饮酒已被认定为口腔癌的主要发病因素，每年英国有五千人患口腔癌，死亡病例达1600人。来自墨尔本大学的迈克洛夫教授称，漱口水中的酒精会导致烟碱等致癌物更易渗入口腔内壁。而且酒精的代谢产物乙醛也容易通过漱口过程在口腔中堆积，这种物质也会致癌。3.该评论报告了一项有3210人参加的全球性研究提供的证据。这项研究发现，每天用漱口水是导致患头颈癌的一个“很重要的风险因素”。【答案】1. There is sufficient evidence that those containing alcohol contribute to increased risk of t
3、he disease, according to a review of the latest studies by an Australian scientist.2. Smoking and alcohol consumption are well-established risk factors in oral cancer which is diagnosed in 5,000 people in the UK each year, and causes 1,600 deaths.3. The review reported evidence from an international
4、 study of 3,210 people which found daily mouthwash use was a significant risk factor for head and neck cancer.2. 单选题Years of research had educated me about how sugar, fat, and salt change the brain. I understood some of the parallels between hyper palatable foods and drugs of abuse, and about the li
5、nks among sensory stimulation, cues, and memory. Id met enough people like Claudia and Maria to understand how even the thought of food could cause them to lose control.But I wasnt fully prepared for the discoveries I made about irresistibility and whoosh, the Monster Thick burger and Baked! Cheetos
6、 Flamin Hot, about indulgence and purple cows. Without necessarily understanding the underlying science, the food industry has discovered what sells.I was sitting at Chilis Grill & Bar in Chicagos OHare Airport waiting for a late-night flight. At a nearby table a couple in their early forties was de
7、ep into a meal. The woman was overweight, with about 180 pounds on her five-foot-four-inch frame. The Southwestern Eggrolls she had ordered were listed as a starter course, but the enormous platter in front of her had been heaped with food. The dish was described on the menu as smoked chicken, black
8、 beans, com, Jack cheese, red peppers, and spinach wrapped inside a crispy flour tortilla, and it was served with a creamy avocado-ranch dipping sauce. Despite its name, the dish looked more like a burrito than an egg roll, an only-in-America fusion approach.I watched as the woman attacked her food
9、with vigor and speed. She held the egg roll in one hand, dunked it into the sauce, and brought it to her mouth while using the fork in her other hand to scoop up more sauce. Occasionally she reached over and speared some of her companions French fries. The woman ate steadily, working her way around
10、the plate with scant pause for conversation or rest. When she finally paused, only a little lettuce was left.Had she known someone was watching her, Im sure she would have eaten differently. Had she been asked to describe what she had just eaten, she probably would have substantially underestimated
11、her consumption. And she would probably have been surprised to learn what the ingredients in her meal really were.The woman might have been interested in how my industry source, who had called sugar, fat, and salt the three points of the compass, described her entree. Deep-frying the tortilla drives
12、 down its water content from 40 percent to about 5 percent and replaces the rest with fat. “The tortilla is really going to absorb a lot of fat,” he said. “It looks like an egg roll is supposed to look, which is crispy and brown on the outside.”The food consultant read through other ingredients on t
13、he label, keeping up a running commentary as he did. “Cooked white meat chicken, binder added, smoke flavor. People like smoky flavor its the caveman in them.”“Theres green stuff in there,” he said, noting the spinach. “That makes me feel like Im eating something healthy.”“Shredded Monterey Jack che
14、ese. The increase in per-capita consumption of cheese is off the chart.”The hot peppers, he said, “add a little spice, but not too much to kill everything else off.” He believed the chicken had been chopped and formed much like a meat loaf, with binders added, which makes those calories easy to swal
15、low. Ingredients that hold moisture, including autolyzed yeast extract, sodium phosphate, and soy protein concentrate, further soften the food. I noticed that salt appeared eight times on the label and that sweeteners were there five times, in the form of com-syrup solids, molasses, honey, brown sug
16、ar, and sugar.“This is highly processed?” I asked.“Absolutely, yes. All of this has been processed such that you can wolf it down fast. chopped up and made ultra palatable. Very appealing looking, very high pleasure in the food, very high caloric density. Rules out all that stuff you have to chew. ”By eliminating the need to chew, modern food processing techniques allow us to eat faster. “
