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1、2022年考博英语-湖南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The local authorities realized the need to make（ ） for elderly people in their housing programs.问题1选项A.preparationB.requirementC.specificationD.provision【答案】D【解析】短语辨析。句意: 地方当局意识到有必要在住房规划上为老年人预先作安排。make preparation for 为某一计划或某一活动做准备; requirement要求,不能和 make.for连用;
2、specification规格，说明书, 不能和 make.for 连用; make provision for为将来困难或需要做准备。故D项符合句意。2. 单选题Opponents of affirmative action say the battle over the use of race in college admissions is hardly over, despite the Supreme Courts ruling Monday upholding the goal of a diverse student body. Higher education leaders
3、overwhelmingly hailed the decision, saying it reaffirmed policies used by most selective colleges and universities. But some critics raised the possibility of more lawsuits, and promised to continue pressuring the Department of Educations Office of Civil Rights to investigate questionable policies.
4、“Were talking about admissions programs, scholarships, any program, only for minorities or in which the standards used to judge admissions are substantially different.” says Linda Chavez, founder and president of the Center for Equal Opportunity, a conservative non-profit group.Others say theyll tak
5、e their case to voters. “We have to seriously contest all this at the ballot box.” Says University of California regent Ward Cannerly, who helped win voter approval of Californias Proposition 209, which prohibits considering race or gender in public education, hiring and contracting. Because of that
6、 law, Mondays ruling had no practical impact in the state. “It may be time for us to .let the (Michigan) voters decide if they want to use race as a factor in admissions.” Connerly said Monday.Meanwhile, U.S. Education Secretary Rod Paige, consistent with President Bushs stance opposing affirmative
7、action, said the Department of Education will “continue examining and highlighting effective race-neutral approaches to ensure broad access to and diversity within our public institutions.” Even Supreme Court Justice Sandra DayO Connor, in one of the opinions, recommended that states look for sessio
8、ns in race-neutral programs being tried in California and elsewhere. While the ruling said admissions officials may consider race in the selection process, colleges and universities are not obligated to do so. “Ultimately in the debate, diversity is a choice, not a legal mandate, says Arthur Coleman
9、, a former Department of Education official who now helps colleges and universities ensure constitutional policies.The public, too, remains conflicted, largely along racial lines. According to a January poll by the non-profit research organization Public Agenda, 79% of Americans said it is important
10、 for colleges to have a racially diverse student body, while just 54% said affirmative action programs should continue. In a Gallup poll conducted days before the ruling, 49% of adults said they favor affirmative action and 43% did not, with blacks and Hispanics far more likely to favor the practice
11、 than whites. And some educators doubt that with Mondays ruling, those opposing affirmative action will change their minds.For now, admissions officials and university lawyers are poring over the ruling to determine how or whether to adjust policies. While most tend to be closed-mouthed about admiss
12、ions policies, may say they dont expect significant changes.1.What the critics said in the first paragraph amounts to the idea that（ ）2.Connerly insists that the Courts ruling should（ ） .3.What is the attitude of the Department of Education towards affirmative action?4.Which of the following is TRUE
13、 about affirmative action according to the text?5.It can be inferred from the text that one of the major objectives of affirmative action is to（ ）问题1选项A.no admission policies based on race should be implemented.B.minority applicants based on race should be implemented.C.different standards for admit
14、ting minority students should be set up.D.selective colleges and universities should be punished for their discriminatory policies.问题2选项A.win approval from Californian voters before it is put in effect.B.be contested by the Michigan voters with an opinion poll.C.be applied in some states before it i
15、s extended to other states.D.produce the intended practical effect before it is widely accepted.问题3选项A.NeutralityB.ObjectionC.ApprovalD.Indifference问题4选项A.A vast majority of people support it.B.The minorities claim it to be a discriminatory policy.C.The minority students are more likely to welcome it.D.The Courts decision will certainly change peoples attitude to it.问题5选项A.ensure race-neutral programs are set up in colleges and universities.B.adapt the Supreme Courts ruling to college situations.C.formulate the right policies for college admissions.D.discourage the practic
