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1、专业外文资料翻译题 目： Building Structure and Construction Process（专业外文资料原文）Building Structure and Construction ProcessThis paper examines some of the structural aspects of the City of Melbournes new green building, Council House 2 (CH2) as well as the selection of materials and the role of the builder during
2、 the construction process.In order to gain a six star rating under the Green Building Council of Australias (GBCA) new Green Star rating system, many innovative design initiatives were incorporated into the building. The paper begins by outlining some of the key design features of CH2 followed by a
3、description of the integrated design process and how this facilitated innovative structural and design decisions. The team approach during design development continued through into the construction phase. Despite its many unusual design elements, the procurement and construction process for CH2 was
4、relatively conventional. This process contrasts with another recent green office building project in Melbourne, and it is argued that the new Green Star rating system and specification provides builders a more systematic basis for decision making around ecologically sustainable development (ESD) iss
5、ues. Issues relating to the construction process, such as structural rationale, materials selection, procurement methods and on-site construction practices are also discussed in this paper. A. Central city location of CH2B. Site at start of constructionC. Site excavation August 2004 February 2004Fig
6、ure 1: Location of building and tightly constrained work site.Construction Overview Hansen Yuncken started construction of the 10-storey $51 million CH2 building in early 2004. The 1,316 m construction site was only accessible from city laneways. The concrete structure was a relatively conventional
7、in situ construction except for the use of precast undulating concrete ceiling panels. Two rows of concrete columns are located at 8200 centres just inside the north and south facades with a further row of columns offset from the centre of the floor plate. The proportions of the site dictated a deep
8、 space floor plate, which presented design challenges in terms of lighting and ventilation. The undulating ceiling resolved difficulties arising from the 22 m building depth by providing enough space for air distribution ducts, while still allowing a maximum ceiling height so light could penetrate d
9、eep into office spaces. Other difficulties relate to the challenge of effectively ventilating deep open office space, especially when considering natural ventilation for thermal mass cooling. This was, however, resolved with the installation of a mechanical daytime ventilation system using underfloo
10、r swirl diffusers inlets and ceiling mounted air extraction points to provide effective distribution of air, while minimising mixing across the floor-plate. Car parking is provided on the basement level. The car park has a level floor, rather than ramped, allowing for future conversion to other uses
11、.A. Car park access link to adjacent buildingB. First floor under constructionC. First floor formwork October 2004 September 2004 November 2004Figure 2: Below ground and first level construction activities. Integrated Design ProcessThe design process of most commercial buildings is complex, requirin
12、g collaboration with a range of consultants. The conceptual design for CH2 was developed by an integrated design team during a two-week intensive workshop or charrette in January 2002. Intense cooperation early in the design process is unusual and, in the case of CH2, this enabled innovative decisio
13、ns to be made with a degree of certainty in terms of constructability and cost. Most publications outlining recent international exemplars of sustainable architecture do not mention the importance of the architect working collaboratively with the client and consultants from early in design stage. On
14、e notable exception is Kibert (2005) who mentions the charrette as an emerging design process and gives guidelines for the successful integration of a high performing team. A. Foam supports for deliveryB. North end panel, note square C. North end panel penetration for ventilation exhaust (refer figu
15、re 4 B)D. Ceiling panel with supportsE. Placing central panelF. Positioning reinforcing steel and services. Green pipes are for cooling water supply for radiant chilled ceiling panelsFigure 3: On-site insertion of a precast concrete undulating beam ceiling panel A. Apex of curve with structural supportB. Covered chilled ceiling panels C. Positioning tile pattern and electrical services on raised floor Figure 4: Internal view of undulating ceilings during construction Type of Contract The type of construction contract has a signif
