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1、英语句子成分及结构句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语 一主语：A mooncake is a delicious, round cake. I dont know if it will grow. One of them is English. To win the game is difficult.二. 谓语:I saw a girl. I love you. You should work hard.You had better take a bus. He is a handsome boy.三宾语 I saw a cat in the tree. We think you a
2、re right. My father bought me a book. We call him TOM. We find the little girl in the hill. 四定语That is a beautiful flower. This is my book. I have a lot of things to do. 五状语 He is playing under the tree.（地点） Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.(时间)The house is dirty for the reason that he did
3、nt clean it.(原因)He buys a gift to make her happy.（目地）If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you. （条件）六.表语 These desks are yellow. We are happy now. It sounds good.It smells nice. Tom is a handsome boy句子结构 (S主语；V谓语；P表语；O宾语；O1间接宾语；O2直接宾语；C宾语补足语)一S十V主谓结构|（vi.）I swim.主 谓They listened caref
4、ullyMy homework has finished.二S十V十O主谓宾结构(vt.)I saw a film yesterday.主 谓 宾They found their home easily .They have taken good care of the children三S十V十P主系表结构（系动词） Is,look _+形容词He is old.主 系动 表语The story sounds interesting. 主 系动词 表语The desk feels hard He becomes a teacherThe trees turn yellow in the au
5、tumn.四S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 give，ask_sb sthHe gave me a book.主 谓 宾1 宾2He brought me a pen. He offered me his seatHe got me a chair五S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构They made the girl angry.主 谓 宾 宾补They found her happy that dayI saw him in.I heard the glass broken just now.句子成分练习题( 一 ) (一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 The teacher with two
6、 of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词 I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dont B. like C. picture D. wall The days ge
7、t longer and longer when summer comes.A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus?A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.Did B. t
8、wins C. have D. breakfast Tom didnt do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didnt C. do D. his homework What I want to tell you is this.A. want B. to tell C. you D. is We had better send for a doctor.A. We B. had C. send D. doctor He is interested in music.A. is B. interested C. in D. music Whom did you
9、 give my book to?A. give B.did C. whom D. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语1.My brother hasnt done his homework.2. People all over the world speak English.3.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.4.How many new words did you learn last class?5.Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how a
10、bout you?6.The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.7.They made him monitor of the class.8.Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.9.You will find it useful after you leave school.10.They didnt know who Father Christmas really is. (四) 挑出下列句中的表语 The old man was feeling ve
11、ry tired. Why is he worried about Jim? The leaves have turned yellow. Soon They all became interested in the subject. She was the first to learn about it. (五) 挑出下列句中的定语 They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. What is your given name? On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. I am afraid some people f
12、orgot to sweep the floor. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. Did you see Li Ming pla
13、ying football on the playground just now? (七) 挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the
14、library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. (八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?句子成分练习题( 二 ) 指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1. Whether well go depend on the weather .2. Peoples standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how
