连词引导从句

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1、英语连词复习一、连词的定义用来连接词、短语、从句与句子的词叫连词(Conjunction)。二、连词的种类根据在句子中所起的作用,连词可分为并列连词(Coordinative Conjunction)和从属连词(Subordinate Conjunction)两类。(一)并列连词连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫并列连词。根据其意义,并列连词又可分为表示联合、转折、选择和因果等四种关系的连词。1. 表示联合关系的并列连词表示联合关系的并列连词有:and(和),both and(既又),neithernor(既不也不),not onlybut also,(不但而且),as well as

2、(除 外也)例如:I am a teacher and he is a doctor我是老师,他是医生。He has experience as well as knowledge.(= He has knowledge but also experience.)他既有知识,又有经验。Neither I nor he has seen the film我没看过那部电影,他也没看过。2. 表示转折关系的并列连词表示转折关系的并列连词有:but(可是,但是),while ( 而 ;然而 ),still(但是,然而),yet(可是),however(然而,但是),whereas(而),neverth

3、eless(然而,不过)。例如:I am willing,yet unable我心有余而力不足。He is short,while his brother is tall他个子矮而他兄弟个子高。He worked hard, however, he failed.他很努力,然而还是失败了。(however可置于句首、句中或句末)The pain was bad,still he did not complain. 痛得厉害,可是他并不呻吟。3. 表示选择关系的并列连词表示选择关系的并列连词有: or(或), or else(否则), otherwise(要不然),eitheror(或或,不是就

4、是),rather than(而不,也不)。例如:John or I am to blame。不是约翰,就是我该受责备。Seize the chance, otherwise(or else) youll regret it抓住机会,否则你会后悔的。(otherwise,or else常接在祈使句后面)You can either stay at home or go fishing. 你可以呆在家里,或是去钓鱼。He went rather than stay as an unwelcome guest他走了,不愿呆着做个不受欢迎的客人。4. 表示因果关系的并列连词表示因果关系的并列连词有:

5、so(所以),for(因为)。例如:It is morning,for the birds are singing是早晨了,因为鸟叫了。It was late,so I went home,天已晚了,因此我就回家了。注:then(那么因而),thus(因而),hence(因此),therefore(因此,所以)等副词常可放句首表示因果关系。如:He was busy,therefore he could not come.他忙,所以不能来。He studied hard, thus he got a full mark.他很用功,因而得了满分。His car broke down,thus h

6、e was late for work他的车坏了,因此他上班迟到。It is winter now, hence the days will be shorter.现在是冬天,因此白天会短些。巩固练习一、用所给的并列连词填空,每个连词只能使用一次:Either, or but and for neither, nor or yet so1. British English American English are more or less the same.2. It rained hard, she came on time.3. You can choose this one that o

7、ne, but not both.4. My glasses had been broken, I could not see it clearly.5. There are many trees in the village, the villagers still plant some more every year.6. The cars produced by this factory will be supplied to people all over the world sooner later.7. We should build a house on sand along t

8、he lines where two of the earths plates join together.8. Its faster to buy airplane tickets, the CAAC has bought a new computer.(二)从属连词用来连接主句和从句的连词叫从属连词。从属连词可分为两类:引导名同性从句的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词。1.引导名词性从句的从属连词引导名词性从句的从属连词有连接词that,whether和if,这些连接词在句子中不充当任何句子成分;连接代词主要有who , whose,which,what等,它们在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等

9、;连接副词主要有when,where, how why等,它们在句子中可作状语(祥见名词性从句)。如:We know (that) the earth goes round the sun. 我们知道地球围绕太阳运转。(宾语从句)What we need is more time. 我们需要的是更多的时间。(主语从句)Thats what I want. 那就是我想要的。(表语从句)The news that our team had won was very exciting. 我们队赢了,这消息令人十分振奋。(同位语从句)2.引导状语从句的从属连词a.引导时间状语从句的从属连词when(当

10、时),while(在期间),as(当时,一边一边),after(在之后),before(在之前),since(自从以来), tilluntil(直到,直到才),once,(一旦),a。 soon as(一就), the momentinstant(一就), no sooner (一 就 ),hardlywhen(刚一 就 )等。例如:Once you begin, you must go on.你一开了头,就应当继续下去。When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨时,我坐公共汽车上学。b.引导原因状语从句的从属连词as(由于), because(因为), s

11、ince(既然)等。He didnt go to school because he was ill. 他因为生病没去上学。Since everybody is here, lets begin既然大家都在这里,我们开始吧。c.引导地点状语从句的从属连词where(在地方),wherever(无论在哪里)等。Wherever she may be,she will be happy她无论在什么地方都快乐。Where there is a will,there is a way有志者,事竟成。d.引导条件状语从句的从属连词if (如果),unless(除非),soas long as(只要)等。

12、例如:He will not come unless he is invited除非被邀请,否则他是不会来的。Youll be late for the class if you dont hurry如果你不快点,你就会上课迟到。e.引导目的状语从句的从属连词that(以便), so that(为了), in order that(为了), less(以防,免得),in case(以防,免得)等。例如:She took medicine on time in order that she might get well soon为了快点病好,她按时吃药。I came here that I mi

13、ght take a good look at the new bridge我来这儿,为的是好好看看新大桥。f.引导结果状语从句的从属连词so(结果), so that(结果), so thatsuchthat(如此以致),that(以致)等。例如:It was very cold,so that the water in the bowl froze天气很冷,碗里的水都结冰了。He is such a good student that we all like him他是个好学生,我们都喜欢他。g.引导让步状语从句的从属连词thoughalthough(虽然),as(虽然),even ife

14、ven though(即使),however(无论怎样),whatever(无论什么),whoever(无论谁),no matter how/what/which/(无论多么什么哪一个)等。例如:Even if you were here yesterday, you couldnt help him. 即使昨天你在这,你也帮不了他。Though he is old,he still works hard虽然他老了,可是他还是努力工作。h.引导方式状语从句的从属连词as(正如),as ifas though(好像,似乎)等。例如:He speaks English as if he were

15、an Englishman、他讲起英语来就。像是英国人似的。Use a book as a bee does a flower.像蜜蜂利用花一样去利用书籍把。i.引导比较状语从句的从属连词as(如),asas(像一样),not soas、(与不一样),than(比)等。例如:He works harder than before他比以前更努力工作。His elder sister is as tall as his mother他姐姐和他母亲一样高。三、部分连词的用法比较()when和while两个词都可以表示“当时”,引导时间状语从句。when引导时间状语从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的,也可以是终止性的;while引导时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的。例如:He was doing his homework when I came in.(当)我进来时

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