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1、2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Well visit Europe next year（ ）we have enough money.问题1选项A.lestB.providedC.unlessD.until【答案】B【解析】副词辨析题。A选项lest“唯恐，以免”；B选项provided“倘若，假如”；C选项unless“除非”；D选项until“直到.”。句意：如果我们有足够的钱，明年我们就去欧洲。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题Writing is a slow process, requiring （ ）thought, time, and
2、effort.问题1选项A.significantB.enormousC.considerableD.numerous【答案】C【解析】句意:写作是一个缓慢的过程，需要进行大的思考，耗费大量的吋间并付出巨大努力。考查形容词辨析。significant 有重大意义的，显著的；enormous 巨大的，庞大的：considerable 相当多（或大、重要等）的；numerous 众多的，许多的 ,般用来修饰可数名词。故选C。3. 翻译题Translate the following into Chinese.While it is true that Americans believe that
3、climbing the educational ladder leads to success, they are less certain that intellectual achievement, which is the main purpose of the schools, is the only important factor leading to success. A competitive - even aggressive - personality is seen as important to success, especially in men. The deve
4、lopment of social and political skills are also considered to be very important.To help Americans to develop these other important skills, schools have added a large number of extracurricular activities to daily life at school. This is especially true of high schools and colleges but extends down in
5、to elementary schools as well.Athletics, frequently called competitive sports, are perhaps the most important of these activities. Football, basketball, and baseball teams are seen as very important in students, particularly boys, the winning spirit. At times, athletic teams seem to become more impo
6、rtant to some students and their parents than academic programs offered by the schools.【答案】尽管美国人的确认为教育是通向成功的阶梯，但他们并不确定，作为学校教育主要目的的知识成就是通向成功的唯一重要因素。人们认为争强好胜甚至带有侵略性的个性，对取得成功很重要，特别是对男人而言。社交能力和政治技能的培养也非常重要。为了帮助美国人培养这些另外的重要技能，学校在日常生活中增加了大量课外活动。高中和大学尤其如此，而且也延伸到了小学。田径运动，常被称为“竞技体育”，可能是这些活动中最重要的。足球、篮球和棒球队对学生
7、，尤其是男生来说，被视为非常重要的“求胜精神”。有时，对于一些学生和家长来说，运动队似乎比学校提供的学术课程更为重要。4. 单选题To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, we must（ ）the qualities and varieties of products we make to the world-market demand.问题1选项A.improveB.enhanceC.gearD.guarantee【答案】C【解析】近义词辨析题。A选项improve“改善，增加”；B选项enhance“提高
8、，加强”；C选项 gear“使.适合”，后面通常接介词to；D选项guarantee“担保，保证”。句意：为了在国家间激烈的贸易竞争中生存，我们必须使我们生产的产品的质量和种类适应世界市场的需求。选项C更符合语境。5. 单选题Museum is a slippery word.It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook.Both Platos Academy and Aristotles Lyceum
9、had a mouseion, a muses shrine.Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art, many temples notably that of Hera at Olympia (before which the Olympic flame is still lit) had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures in
10、the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition, Meanwhile, the Greek word had slipped into L
11、atin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant “Muses shrine”The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries which focused on the gold-enshrined, be
12、jeweled relics of saints and martyrs.Princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on.They also included coins and gems often antique engraved
13、ones as well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures.As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, palaces and castles; they were not collec
14、ted either, but site-specific, and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them and most of the buildings were public ones.However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, fragments of antique sculpture were g
15、iven higher status than the work of any contemporary, so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation, and so could be considered Muses shrines in the former sense.The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famous of such early inspirational collections.Soon they multiplied, and gradually, exemplary modem works were also added to such galleries.In the seventeenth century, scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently publish
