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1、2022年考博英语-西南财经大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题He was proud of being chosen to participate in the game and he （ ）us that he would try as hard as possible.问题1选项A.insuredB.guaranteedC.assumedD.assured【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。insure确保，投保；guarantee保证，担保，一般指对事物的品质或人的行为作出“担保”；assume假定，设想；assure保证，担保，使确信，一般指：使人对某事感到肯定或放心。句意
2、：被选中参加比赛让他感到很自豪，并向我们保证他会尽他最大的努力。选项D更符合语境。2. 单选题Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said. “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.Few would argue with Fords statements. A brief glimpse a
3、t a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and managements, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, busines
4、s news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the police of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The worl
5、d of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”The positive side of Henry Fords statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live i
6、n the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance because the U.S economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system crates more wealth, more job, and a materially better way of life.The negative side of Henry Fords statement, however, can be see
7、n when the world business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business-referring to the biggest companies-is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions. Today many of
8、 the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizingthe laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high creates feeling of insecurity for many.1.The United States is a typical country（ ）.2.The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced b
9、y the fact that（ ）.3.According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S dreaming that（ ）.4.Henry Fords statement can be taken negatively because（ ）.5.A companys efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in（ ）.问题1选项A.which encourages free trades at home and abroadB.which
10、normally works according to the federal budgetC.where all businesses are managed in a scientific wayD.where peoples chief concern is how to make money问题2选项A.Americans of all professions know how to do businessB.even public organizations concentrate on working for profitsC.most newspapers are run by
11、big businessesD.even arts and entertainment are regarded as business问题3选项A.they can start profitable businesses thereB.they can be more competitive in businessC.they will make a fortune overnight thereD.they will find better chances of employment问题4选项A.working people are facing to fight for their ri
12、ghtsB.there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalistsC.there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and laborD.public services are not run by the federal government问题5选项A.reduction in the number of employeesB.improvement of working conditionsC.fewer disputes between lab
13、or and managementD.a rise in workers wages【答案】第1题:D第2题:D第3题:D第4题:C第5题:A【解析】第1题:推理判断题。文章第一段第二句话提到“亨利福特的话意味着美国人的生活都是建立在商业价值上的”（By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world），换句话说，美国人关心的就是如何去创造商业价值，选项D“人们主要关心的问题是如何赚钱”符合题意。第2题:推理判断题。文章第二段主要讲述了与报纸相关的内容，无论是什么类型的报纸
14、，都能看到与商业相关的内容。文章第二段最后一句话提到即使是艺术和娱乐都被看成是“娱乐业”（The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.”），这证明了美国的商业影响非常广泛。选项D符合题意。第3题:细节事实题。文章第三段第一句话提到“这么多人来美国生活的一个重要原因是他们可以在这里找到更好的工作”（One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the
15、 world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job），选项D符合题意。第4题:推理判断题。文章最后一段提到了亨利福特的观点的负面影响：大公司与劳动力之间的矛盾（And the term big business-referring to the biggest companies-is seen in opposition to labor），选项C “大公司与劳动力之间存在对立关系”符合题意。第5题:细节事实题。题目问的是“如果一家公司想低消耗，高利润，会导致什么结果？”文章最后一段最后一句话提到“裁员上千员工失业，公司花费减少，利润增加”（Downsizingthe laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high creates feeling of insecurity for many），选项A “雇员人数减少”符合题意。3. 单选题Under normal circumstances the body can （ ）these naturally occurrin
