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1、 What is comparison & contrast? A comparison points out ways that two or more persons , places , or things are alike. A contrast points out how they are different. The subjects of a comparison and contrast should be in the same class or general category, with comparable items. How to write a compari
2、son and contrast paragraph The topic sentence should show whether the writer will concentrate on similarities, differences, or both. Then in the following sentences you should have to decide whether the discussion will consist mainly of similarities or differences or both. In the conclusion, you can
3、 offer advices to the reader or looking in the future. Two Logical patterns 1)the subject by subject or ItembyItem pattern/ block presentation(逐事比较) (按照比较/对比对象展开) If we are dealing with two broad topics, which are not too complex or detailed, we may begin by discussing the first one, and then go on
4、discussing the second, following the pattern: A1,A2,A3;B1,B2,B3 It can be used in a short paragraph or essay. Ex. Model 1 There are many similarities between doctors and teachers. First, both doctors and teachers are considered professionals by their communities. The classification of professional i
5、s the highest socioeconomic rank an individual can achieve in this society. Second, both doctors and teachers help others: doctors heal the bodies of sick people, and return them to health, and teachers mold the minds of young people and turn them into responsible , educated adults. last, both docto
6、rs and teachers are essential members of a community. It is difficult to imagine a city or town that has no need of either a doctor or a teacher. Such a place would truly be primitive. 2)the point-by -point pattern/ alternating presentation (逐点比较)(按照比较/对比内容展开) if the topic are complex or too detaile
7、d , it may be preferable to examine them in pairs, turning first to one and then to the other alternately as we write, following the pattern: A1,B1;A2,B2;A3,B3. It can be used in a long paragraph or essay. Model 2: Taking notes is one thing Ive learned to do better since high school days. I used to
8、lose interest in what I was doing and begin doodling(乱写乱画), drawing Martians, or seeing what my signature would look like if I married the cute guy in the second row. Now, however , I try not to let my mind wander , and I pull my thoughts back into focus when they begin to go fuzzy. In high school,
9、my notes often looked like something written in Arabic. In college , Ive learned to use a semiprint writing style that marks my notes understandable. When I would look over my high school notes, I couldnt understand them. There would be a word like “Reconstruction” , then a big blank, and then the w
10、ord “important”. Weeks later, I had no idea what Reconstruction was or why it is important. Ive since learned to write down connecting ideas, even if I have to take time to do it after class. Ts: Taking notes is one thing I have learned to do better at college since high school days. Points of contr
11、ast: 1)Level of attention in class A1 (high school) B1(College) 2)Handwritng A2(high school ) B2(college) 3)Completeness of notes A3 (high school ) B3(college) Transitions in comparison & contrast Comparison: and , also, like, as , too, similarly, another, furthermore, resemble, comparable, in compa
12、rison with, in addition to, much the same as, equally important, at the same time Contrast But, however, yet, nevertheless, whereas, unlike, while, conversely, oppositely, differently, in contrast, on the contrary, on the other hand, different from, in spite of Model 3( contrast dominant ): Life in
13、the city is quite different from life in the suburbsPeople living in the city are constantly exposed to the hustle and bustle(熙熙攘攘) of urban lifeBut life in the suburbs is generally quiet and casual and generally more lowkey than in the cityIf city dwellers want to see trees and grass，they must go t
14、o one of the public parks On the other hand，the streets of many suburban communities are lined with trees and shrubs (灌木)，and each house has its own grassy yardA person living in the city is close to many sources of entertainment，but people living in suburban areas must go into the city for entertai
15、nment Model 4( comparison and contrast) The llama(无峰驼) is a member of the camel familyLike the camel，the llama can live for weeks without a drink of waterBoth get enough moisture from the grass，shrubs，and other plants they eatBut unlike the camel，the llama has no hump on its back Compare “a motorcycle” and “a car”： ItembyItem Motorcycle AExpense BUpkeep CSafety Automobile AExpense BUpkeep CSafety PointbyPoint Expense AMotorcycle BAutomobile Upkeep AMotorcycle BAutomobile Safety AMotorcycle BAutomobile Exercise1 Directions：Write a paragraph using a pointbypoint comparison/contrast ab
