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1、2022年考博英语-广东工业大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题The disparity between educational objectives that stress independence and individuality and those that emphasize obedience to rules and cooperation with others reflects a（ ）that arises from the values on which these objectives are based.问题1选项A.predictability
2、B.redundancyC.conflictD.wisdom【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。predictability 可预测性；redundancy 冗余，裁员；conflict冲突；wisdom智慧。强调独立性和个性的教育目标与强调服从规则并与他人合作的教育目标，这两者的不一致说明存在分歧，冲突。故C项正确。句意：强调独立和个性的教育目标与强调服从规则和与他人合作的教育目标之间的差异反映了这些目标所基于的价值观之间的冲突。2. 单选题If a school posts a students name and test score without obtaining student（or
3、parental）consent, it can（ ）FERPA, a federal law that protects the privacy of student education records.问题1选项A.verifyB.vilifyC.violateD.vibrate【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项verify表示“核实，查证”；B选项vilify表示“诽谤，中伤，轻视”；C选项violate表示“违反，侵犯”；D选项vibrate表示“振动，颤动，摇摆”。由句意可知，如果学校在没有得到学生（或家长）同意的情况下公布学生的姓名和考试成绩，它就违反了联邦法律。因此，vi
4、olate的词义最符合句意，故本题正确答案为C选项。3. 单选题Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behavior is regarded as “all too human”，with the underlying ass
5、umption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behavi
6、or of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.Such characteristics make the
7、m perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnans and Dr. de waals study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining
8、 chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behavior became markedly different.In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods（and much preferable to cucumbers）. So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluc
9、tant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in
10、the other chamber（without an actual monkey to eat it）was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable onl
11、y when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independentl
12、y in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.1. The author introduces his topic in the opening paragraph by（ ）.2. The statement “it is all too monkey”（Last line, paragraph 1）implies that（ ）.3. Th
13、e researchers chose female capuchin monkeys for study probably because they are（ ）.4. The researchers found in their study that the monkeys（ ）.5. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that（ ）.问题1选项A.posing a contrastB.making a comparisonC.justifying an assumptionD.explaining a phenomenon问题2选项A.
14、monkeys are also outraged by slack rivalsB.resenting unfairness is also monkeys natureC.monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each otherD.no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions问题3选项A.more generous than their male companionsB.nice in both appearance and temperamentC.more inclin
15、ed to weigh what they getD.attentive to researchers instructions问题4选项A.prefer grapes to cucumbersB.can be taught to exchange thingsC.are unhappy when separated from othersD.will not be cooperative if feeling cheated问题5选项A.monkeys can be trained to develop social emotionsB.human indignation evolved from an uncertain sourceC.animals usually show their feelings openly as humans doD.cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.考查写作手法。第一段将人与猴子之间的相似性进行比较,说明人会将自己与其同类进行比较，而一项研究也表明猴子也存在这种现象。A项posing a c
