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1、Title:完形填空专练第课时完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。“完形填空”题要求填入的词主要有:1.语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。2.具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。3.固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。4.同义词、近义词等易混淆词。5.根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。可见，完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型。它的突出
2、特点是起点高、容量大。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。完形填空题的考查目的：1.考查同学们阅读理解能力。2.考查同学们语法知识。3.考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。一、 完形填空题的命题特点完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识综合运用能力的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。可以说它是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅
3、读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和词语搭配的考查，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容：1、词汇：此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区别，词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型 填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。2、语法：此类题目考查的是：各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。 3、结构:此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。从设空的类型看可分为三个层
4、次：1 、句子层次2、句组层次3、全篇层次 设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。分析近几年陕西省的完形填空题，我们可以看出陕西省完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。因此总体难度较低。|二、完形填空的解题技巧前面我们已经分析过，完形填空是在全面理解短文基础上的选择填空。因此做完型填空”题应遵循下列步骤:1、通读全文，了解大意做这类题目是，首先应该把文章通读一遍，了解一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句，因为完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可取。例如:2002年北京海淀区中考试题中的完形填空题:A ho
5、t dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter,a German food. |You may hear “ hot dog ”1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example,a friend may ask 3you would like to go to the cinema. You might say“Great! I would love to go. ” Or,|you
6、could say, “4! I would love to go. ” People5 use the expression to describe （描写）someone whois a “show - off ” , who tries to show every one else how6 he is. You ofte n hear such 7called a “hot |dog” . He may be a baseball player, for example, who8 the ball with one hand, making a （n） 9 catch|seem mo
7、re difficult. You know he is a hot dog because whe n he makes such a catch, he bows （鞠躬）to thecrowd, hop ing to win their 10 .|（）1. A. eate n B. used C. cooked D. picked|（）2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply（）3. A. if B. how C. when D. where|（）4. A. Hot dog B. Don t worry C. Never mi nd
8、D. Excuse me（）5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet|（）6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great|（）7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action|（）8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws（）9. A. hard B. funny C. excit ing D. easy（）10. A. tha nks B. cheers C. medals D. matches女口果不看后面的文章内容，短文的第一个题所给第四个
9、选项都可以填入空白处，不论是从语法的角度，还是从这个句子的意思完整的角度，都是能够站得住脚的。但如果继续看完这一段短文之后，你就会领悟到，“hot dog ”在这里不是 被吃”，被做”，被拿”，而是 被使用”，只能选used。有些同学一拿到完形填空”题，就着手去填，填到最后，才发现所选答案语全文的意思不符，不得不在从头幵始。费时又费力，还不易做准确，这种方法是不可取的。2、瞻前顾后，逐步填空了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。一般来说，文章后面所给的选择答案可分三类：一类是语法正确，而意思不对；另一类是意思正确，而语法错误；第三类是语法正确，意思也正确。在选择答案时，一定要考虑到上下文的意思，还要
10、考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配和词类的功能，尽量使选出的答案及复合语 法又符合原文的意思。3、认真复查，适当调整填空全部做完以后，应把短文从头到尾再读一遍，检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯，情节是否合理，语法结构是否正确。一般来说，如果意思连贯，情节合理，语法结构正确，就意味着选答没有问题；如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通，语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真推敲，进行调整。Once upon a time, some childre n were play ing at seaside whe n they found a turtle（海龟）.They bega nto
11、 beat the turtle. Just at that time, ayoung man came and said to them,“Stop! ” The children ran31quickly. The turtle was very thankful and said,“Thanks for your kindness.I really would like 32 youto a wonderful palace now. ” ? The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secretp
12、alace in the sea. When he 33the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle,“What a nicepalace! ” To thank him, the king of the turtles gave him34 . He had never seen such a dinner before.He received a warm welcome there and was very 35 everyth ing. After dinner, the king of the turtlessaid
13、, “I am going togive you two boxes, 36 youcan open only one.”“Youmustn t openboth. Don t forgetit! ”the turtle warned him.“All right. I will open only one,” the young man promised（许诺）.At thistime, a large wave sent him out of the sea. After he 37 , he ope ned the bigger one of the two boxes.38 the b
14、ox was full of gold.“My God!” he cried. “I m39 now.” Then he thought, “Things in the otherbox must be expe nsive, too.” He could not wait any Ion ger. He broke his promise and ope ned the otherbox. As soon as he ope ned it, he became an old man. His hair tur ned white. His face ? 40 ?an old man over
15、 eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.?（）31. A. through B. away C. into D. out（）32. A. wanting B. asking C. to let D. to invite|（）33. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got away（） 34. A. a very big dinner B. a very poor dinner C. a very bad dinner D. a very small dinner（）35. A. pleased with B. strict in C. angry with D. sorry for（）36. A. so B. or C. but D. as（）37. A. went back to home B. was back home C. went back to the sea D. was back the sea（）38. A. To his surprising B. To one s su
