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1、考研考博-考博英语-中国科学技术大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题The department said that the proposed $39 billion transaction would substantially lessen competition for mobile wireless telecommunications services across the United States.问题1选项A.obscureB.promoteC.discloseD.reduce【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. obscure 使模糊，使隐晦 B. promote 促进，推动C.
2、disclose 揭露，透露 D. reduce 减少，缩小（尺寸、数量、价格等）【答案】D【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】lessen的意思为“（使）变小，减弱，减轻”，和competition构成动宾搭配关系，指的是移动无线电信服务的竞争会因为这笔交易而减轻，reduce与之词义相近，因此D选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项词义与之不符。【句意】该部门表示，拟议的390亿美元交易将大大减少全美移动无线电信服务的竞争。2. 填空题In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easi
3、ly than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation more than by the “battle of the sexes”. A B C D【答案】D more than改为rather than【解析】【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】by cooperation和by the “battle of the sexes”相对应，形成对立的逻辑关系，rather than符合逻辑。【句意】在这样的家庭中，成长中的男孩和女孩比
4、他们的父母更容易接受平等的观念，并为参与一个以合作为特征的世界做好充分准备，而不是“性别之战”。3. 单选题Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors shou
5、ld be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience o
6、f the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 19
7、68, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in
8、 jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Alth
9、ough women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898, it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personally asked to have their names included on the jury list. This pract
10、ice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury. This law abolished special edu
11、cational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state lev
12、el. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.1. From the principles of the U.S. jury system, we learn that _.2. The practice of selecting so-called elite jurors pri
13、or to 1968 showed _.3. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed, _.4. In discussing the U.S. jury system, the text centers on _.问题1选项A.both literate and illiterate people can serve on juriesB.defendants are immune from trial by their peersC.no age limit should be imposed for jury serviceD
14、.judgment should consider the opinion of the public问题2选项A.the inadequacy of antidiscrimination lawsB.the prevalent discrimination against certain racesC.the conflicting ideals in jury selection proceduresD.the arrogance common among the Supreme Court judges问题3选项A.sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolishedB.educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurorsC.jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire communityD.states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system问题4选项A.its na
