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1、 非谓语动词作表语探究案一、不定式、动名词作表语与分词作表语的区别 不定式和动名词作表语相当于一个名词作表语,表示主语“是什么”,即表示主语的内容;分词作表语相当于形容词作表语,表示主语“怎么样”,即表示主语的特征。 (1) Our plan is to keep the affair secret. 我们的计划是让这件事成为秘密。(不定式作表语,表示主语的内容,即Our plan的内容。) (2) This beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world. 这个美丽的村庄仍未被外界所知。(其中unknown是过去分词作表语
2、,表示主语的特征)* 过去分词作表语,含有“被动”的含义,表示主语的特征,翻译为“被了的”、“被搞得的”。(3)This dog is frightening. 这条狗让人害怕。(其 中frightening是现在分词表语,表示主语This dog的 特征。)* 现在分词作表语,含有“主动”、“使动”的含义,表示主语的特征,翻译为“令人的”、“使人的”。二、不定式作表语和动名词作表语的区别 不定式作表语强调的是一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作;动名词作表语强调的是一般性的、抽象的动作,不指某一次。 e.g. (4) His job is to paint the walls. 他的工作是粉刷这
3、些墙壁。(不定式to paint the walls作表语。一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作。) (5)His job is teaching English. 他的工作是教英语。(动名词teaching English作表语。一般性的、抽象性的动作,不指某一次。)(6)To keep money you have found is stealing.捡到钱不交是偷窃行为。(动名词stealing作表语,较抽象、较一般,指一类行为,不指某一次。即这一次你捡到了钱,如果你不交,就属于偷窃行为。)*动名词作表语时,有时表示“某行为属于某类行为”,比如上句,捡到钱不交属于偷窃行为。三、现在分词和过去
4、分词作表语的区别 现在分词和过去分词作表语都相当于形容词作表语。但两者差别很大。1.现在分词作表语,翻译为“令人的”、“使人的”,含有主动、使动的含义,表示主语的特征。(过去分词说明主语的状态。) (7)This dog is frightening. 这条狗让人害怕。(frightening是现在分词作表语,表主动,令人害怕的, 说明狗的特征) 2.过去分词作表语,翻译为“被了的”、“被搞得的”,含有被动的含义,表示主语的状态。(8)This dog is frightened. 这条狗有些害怕。(frightened是过去分词作表语,“被吓坏了的”,表被动,说明狗的状态) 四、非谓语动词作
5、表语探究性练习题(一)。判断非谓语动词表语的结构类型(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。1.(06浙江) It remains to see whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.( _作表语)2. Your article is well-written. ( _作表语)3. The story is very touching. ( _作表语)4. Denying this will be shutting ones eyes to fact. ( _作表语)5. My wish is to climb the mou
6、ntain from the south. ( _作表语)五、非谓语动词作表语探究性练习题(二)。单项选择。(5题)( ) 1. It was _ to see all the students _ silently in the classroom. A. surprising; sitting B. surprised; sitting C. surprising; seat D. surprised; sitting( )2. (04全国) Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party. A. ge
7、t changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change( )3. (08辽宁)Please remain _; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. A. seating B. seated C. to seat D. to be seated( )4. (07山东) Please remain _ until the plan has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated( )5. (08北京东城) These surveys indicate that many crimes go _ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them. A. unrecorded B. to be unrecorded C. to have been unrecorded D. unrecording友情提示:部分文档来自网络整理,供您参考!文档可复制、编制,期待您的好评与关注! /