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1、2022年考博英语-郑州大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Hydrogen and oxygen are present in water in the（ ）of 1 to 8 by weight.问题1选项A.rateB.proportionC.ratioD.scale【答案】C【解析】考查近义词辨析。rate，proportion，ratio，scale都有“比例”的意思，rate指比率，比值等，强调部分相对整体形成的比率；proportion指比例关系，在使用时通常不出现具体的比值；ratio指两个量之间的比值，通常相关的两个量必须在上下文中直接出现；scale指比例尺。
2、句意：氢气和氧气在水中以1比8的重量比存在。本句表示氢气和氧气两个量之间的比值。因此C选项正确。2. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following part into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.我们将高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，维护国家主权、安全、发展利益。我们将加强与各主要大国协调合作，建设良性互动、合作共赢的大国关系。中国愿与国际社会一道，为人类和平与发展事业不懈努力！【答案】We will hold high the banner of peace, development
3、, cooperation and mutual benefit and safeguard national sovereignty, security and development interests. We will strengthen coordination and cooperation with major powers to build a major power relationship featuring benign interaction and win-win cooperation. China is ready to work tirelessly with
4、the international community for the cause of peace and development of mankind!3. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following part into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.For too long, a small group in our Capital has reaped the rewards of government while the people have borne the cost.
5、Washington flourished, but the people did not share in its wealth. Politicians prospered, but the jobs left, and the factories closed. Their victories have not been your victories; their triumphs have not been your triumphs; and while they celebrated in our Capital, there was little to celebrate for
6、 struggling families all across our land.【答案】长期以来，我们首都的一小部分人攫取了政府的利益，而代价却由人民来承担。华盛顿欣欣向荣，人民却没有分享到财富。政客们兴旺发达，工作机会却越来越少，工厂纷纷倒闭。他们的胜利不是你们的胜利；他们的成功不是你们的成功；当他们在我们的首都欢呼庆祝时，这片土地上无数挣扎的家庭却没有什么值得庆祝的。4. 单选题When the first of the two Viking landers touched down on Martian soil on July 20, 1976, and began to send
7、camera images back to Earth, the scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory could not suppress a certain nervous anticipation, like people who hold a ticket to a lottery they have a one-in-a-million chance of winning. The first photographs that arrived, however, did not contain any evidence of life
8、. What revealed itself to them was merely a barren landscape littered with rocks. The view resembled nothing so much as a flat section of desert in fact, the winning entry in a contest at J. P. L. for the photograph most accurately predicting what Mars would look like as a snapshot taken in a partic
9、ularly arid section of the Mojave Desert.The scientists were soon ready to turn their attention from visible life to microorganisms. The twin Viking landers carried three experiments designed to detect current biological activity and one to detect organic compounds, because researchers thought it po
10、ssible that life had developed on early Mars just as it is thought to have developed on Earth, through the gradual chemical evolution of complex organic molecules（分子）.To detect biological activity, Martian soil samples were treated with various nutrients that would produce characteristic by-products
11、 if life forms were active in the soil. The results from all three experiments were inconclusive. The fourth experiment heated a soil sample to look for sign of organic material but found none, an unexpected result because at least organic compounds from the steady bombardment of the Martian surface
12、 by meteorites （限星）were thought to have been present.The absence of organic material, some scientists speculated, was the result of intense ultraviolet radiation penetrating the atmosphere which was at one time rich in carbon dioxide and thus thick enough to protect its surface from the harmful ray
13、of the Sun, the carbon dioxide had gradually left the atmosphere and been converted into rocks. This means that even if life had gotten a start on early Mars, it could not have survived the exposure to ultraviolet radiation when the atmosphere thinned. Mars never developed a protective layer of ozon
14、e as Earth did.Despite the disappointed Viking results, there are those who still keep open the possibility of life on Mars. They point out that the Viking data cannot be considered the final word on Martian life because the two landers only sampled two limited and uninteresting sites. The Viking la
15、nding sites were not chosen for what they might tell of the planets biology. They were chosen primarily because they appeared to be safe of landing a spacecraft. The landing sites were on part of the Martian plains that appeared relatively featureless from orbital photography.The type of Martian ter
16、rain that these researchers suggest may be a possible hiding place for active life has an earthly parallel: the ice-free region of southern Victoria land. Antarctica, where the temperatures in some dry valley average below zero. Organisms known as endoliths, a form of blue-green algae (藻类)that has adopted to this harsh environment, were found living inside certain porous rocks in these Ant
