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1、2022年考博英语-黑龙江大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The children were_ by the toys in the big department store during the Christmas season.问题1选项A.pleasedB.fascinatedC.enjoyedD.alarmed【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. pleased请；使喜欢；使高兴；使满意 B. fascinated着迷；陶醉C. enjoyed 喜爱 D. alarmed 惊恐；恐慌【考查点】动词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意，孩子们被橱窗里的玩具所吸引。空格处填动
2、词的被动形式。Be done by。B选项fascinate “着迷，陶醉”可引申为此句所需的逻辑“被吸引”以满足上述条件。【干扰项排除】这里考查动词的被动形式。A选项是被玩具感到高兴，不符合逻辑；C选项被玩具喜爱，不符合逻辑；D选项惊恐不符合句意。【句意】圣诞节期间，孩子们被大百货公司的玩具迷住了。2. 单选题Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this years is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would
3、 have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp Overnight, the U.S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half and federal health officials found themselves making
4、an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, theyre now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. “This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply,” says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, and “the lack of redundancy
5、 in our system.”Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the vir
6、us and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each years flu virus is different, any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers (Chiron and Ave Pasteur)and when one of them
7、 runs into trouble, there isnt much the other can do about it. “A vaccine maker cant just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs,” says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp, “theres a whole industry thats scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time.”Sl
8、eeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this years fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell culturesa medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, bu
9、t several companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals InvivaC. has been cleared for marketing in Europe.For Americans, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimate that 95 million people still qualify for
10、 shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last weekend. Thats nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaignencouraging the peopl
11、e who really need a flu shot to get one.1.Shortages of flu vaccine show that（ ）.2.The word “cleared” (Line 5, Paragraph 3) might mean（ ）.3.Private companies have little interest in producing flu vaccines because of（ ）.4.From the last paragraph we can infer that（ ）.5.According to the passage, which o
12、f the following is TRUE?问题1选项A.America relies too much on foreign suppliersB.the demand of flu vaccines is high this yearC.quality problem is a serious problem in flu vaccine productionD.the supply of flu vaccines is rather weak and America has no back-up measures to make it up问题2选项A.permittedB.remo
13、veC.provedD.produced问题3选项A.complicated process, high cost, low profit and high riskB.shortages of fertilized chicken eggsC.difficulty in growing live virusD.fast changing of flu virus问题4选项A.the government hopes to solve the problem by way of volunteer restrictionsB.more than 47 million Americans who
14、 are qualified to get flu vaccine shots cannot get them this yearC.America has to deal with limited supply of flu vaccines this yearD.normally only a small percentage of American population gets flu vaccine shots each year问题5选项A.All Americans are persuaded not to get vaccinated this year.B.The big p
15、roblem in innovating flu vaccine producing technique is how to grow virus in a new way.C.More flu vaccines cannot be produced in a short time because private companies refuse to produce more.D.Flu vaccines are easier than most vaccines to produce through cell cultures.【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。由第一段“This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply, says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, and the lack of redundancy in our system. 这再次强调了我们疫苗供应的脆弱性，全国免疫信息网络的Martin Myers博士说，我们的系统缺乏冗余。”可知D项“流感疫苗的供应相当薄弱
