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1、 For her first twenty-four years, shed been known as Debbie -a name that didnt suit her good looks and elegant manner. My name has always made me think I should be a cook, she complained. I just dont feel like a Debbie. 在她人生最初的24年里，人们一直叫她黛比-一个和她漂亮的容貌和优雅的风度不相配的名字。 “我的名字老是使我觉得自己应该是一个女厨子,”她抱怨道。“我真的不想要黛
2、比这个名字。” One day, while filling out an application form for a publishing job, the young woman impulsively substituted her middle name, Lynne, for her first name Debbie. That was the smartest thing I ever did, she says now. As soon as I stopped calling myself Debbie, I felt more comfortable with mysel
3、f . and other people started to take me more seriously. Two years after her successful job interview, the former waitress is now a successful magazine editor. Friends and associates call her Lynne. 一天，在填写一张申请一个出版业工作职位的表格时，这位小姐一时冲动,用她的中名林恩替换了她的名字黛比。 “这是我一生中干过的最漂亮的事，”现在她对人这样说。 “我一停止称自己为黛比，我就对自己感到比较舒坦了
4、而且其他人也开始更认真地对待我了。” 在成功地通过那次工作面试两年后，这位昔日的女服务员现在成了一位成功的杂志编辑。 朋友和同事们都叫她林恩。 Naturally, the name change didnt cause Debbie / Lynnes professional achievement - but it surely helped if only by adding a bit of self-confidence to her talents. Social scientists say that what youre called can affect your life.
5、 Throughout history, names have not merely identified people but also described them. . As his name is, so is he . says the Bible, and Websters Dictionary includes the following definition of name: a word or words expressing some quality considered characteristic or descriptive of a person or a thin
6、g, often expressing approval or disapproval. Note well approval or disapproval. For better or worse, qualities such as friendliness or reserve, plainness or charm may be suggested by your name and conveyed to other people before they even meet you. 当然, 黛比 (或林恩) 的职业成就并不是改名带来的，但是它肯定给她带来了好处，虽说改名仅使她对自己的
7、才能增加了一点点自信。 社会科学家认为你叫什么名字会影响你的生活。 自古至今，名字不仅被用来识别人，而且也被用来描述人。圣经上说： “人如其名 ”，此外韦伯斯特大词典也对名字作了如下的定义： “表达某种特点的一个或几个字, 这种特点被认为反映了某人或某事的本质、或描述了某人某事，常表示嘉许或不喜欢的意思。” 请好好注意这几个词：“嘉许或不喜欢。” 不管是好是歹，诸如友好或拘谨，相貌平常或漂亮妩媚等品质特征已经和你的名字连在了一起，甚至在他人见到你这个人之前就已经知道了你的这些品质和特征。 Names become attached to specific images, ad anyone w
8、hos been called a pain Jane or just an average Joe can show. The latter name particularly bothers me since my name is Joe, which some think makes me more qualified to be a baseball player than, say, an art critic. Yet, despite this disadvantage, I did manage to become an art critic for a time. Even
9、so , one prominent magazine consistently refused to print Joe in my by-line, using my first initials, J.S., instead. I suspect that if I were a more refined Arthur or Adrian, the name would have appeared complete. 名字已成为特定形象的组成部分, 任何一个被称为“相貌平常的珍妮”或“普普通通的乔”的人都能证明这一点。 后面的那个名字特别使我烦恼，因为我的名字也叫乔。有些人认为这个名字使
10、我更适合于做一个棒球运动员而不是，比如说，艺术评论家。 然而，尽管有此不利，我确实曾一度努力想成为一名评论家。 即使如此，一家著名杂志一直拒绝把“乔”作为我的文章的作者署名，而是用我名字的首字母 J.S. 来代替它。 我怀疑假如我的名字是比较文雅的阿瑟、或艾德里安的话，我的名字早已完整地出现在杂志上了。 Of course, names with a positive sense can work for you, even encourage new acquaintances. A recent survey showed that American men thought Susan t
11、o be the most attractive female name, while women believed Richard and David were the most attractive for men. One woman I know turned down a blind date with a man named Harry because he sounded dull. Several evenings later, she came up to me at a party, pressing for an introduction to a very impres
12、sive man; theyd been exchanging glances all evening. Oh, I said. You mean Harry. She was ill at ease. 当然, 有积极含义的名字对你是有好处的，甚至能促进你结交新友。 最新调查表明：美国男人认为苏珊是最有吸引力的女性名字，而女人则认为里查德和戴维是男人中最有吸引力的名字。 我认识一个女人，她拒绝了一次由第三方安排的、与一个叫哈里的男人的约会，因为“这人听上去没劲”。 可就在几天后的一个晚间聚会上，她走到我身边，催逼着我把她介绍给一个给人以深刻印象的男人；他们俩人整个晚上都在互送秋波。 “哦”，我
13、说“你指的是哈里呀。”她听了后感到很尴尬。 Though most of us would like to think ourselves free from such prejudiced notions, were all guilty of name stereotyping to some extent. Confess: Wouldnt you be surprised to meet a carpenter named Nigel? A physicist called Bertha? A Pope Mel? Often, we project name-based stereot
14、ypes on people, as one woman friend discovered while taking charge of a nursery - schools group of four-year olds. There I was, trying to get a little active boy named Julian to sit quietly and read a book - and pushing a thoughtful creature named Rory to play ball. I had their personalities confuse
15、d because of their names! 虽然我们中大多数人会认为自己没有这样的偏见看法，但在某种程度上，我们都有对名字产生固定看法的毛病。 老老实实地坦白：你碰到一个名叫奈杰儿的木匠会不会感到惊讶呢？ 或是一个叫伯撒的物理学家呢？抑或是一个叫梅尔的教皇呢？ 正如我的一位女性朋友在照看一批托儿所里的四岁儿童时所发现的那样, 我们常常把由名字引起的固定想法加到他人身上。 “在托儿所里,有一次我想叫一个名字为朱利安的、活跃的小男孩静静地坐下来看书, 同时把一个喜欢沉思的、名叫罗里的孩子推出去打球。 因为他们的名字，我把他们的性格给搞混了！” Apparently, such prejud
16、ices can affect classroom achievement as well. In a study conducted by Herbert Harari of San Diego State University, and John McDavid of Georgia State University, teachers gave consistently lower grades on essays apparently written by boys named Elmer and Hubert than they awarded to the same papers when the writers names were given as Michael
