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1、2022年考博英语-中国科学技术大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 填空题Sedona, located in Arizonas high desert, is famous for its _ beautiful red-sandstone formations. (startle)【答案】startlingly【解析】【考查点】副词。【解题思路】横线处修饰形容词beautiful，所以应该用副词，startlingly意思为“惊人地”，在这里强调美丽的程度，符合语境。【句意】塞多纳位于美国亚利桑那州的高沙漠地带，以美丽的红砂岩而闻名。2. 单选题Outdoor recrea
2、tion plays a large role in national life. Norwegians prize solitude and self-reliance, and many people choose to walk or ski or camp alone.问题1选项A.richnessB.alonenessC.opennessD.fairness【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. richness 丰富，富饶 B. aloneness 孤独感C. openness 诚实，率真 D. fairness 公正性，公平合理性【答案】B【考查点】名词辨析。【解题思路】solitu
3、de的意思为“独处，独居”，这里指的是挪威人崇尚独处，aloneness与之词义相近，因此B选项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。【句意】户外娱乐在国民生活中起着很大的作用。挪威人崇尚独处和自力更生，许多人选择独自散步、滑雪或露营。3. 填空题The languages of Aboriginal Australians constitute another unrelated group, and it is _ whether all Australian languages form a single family. (debate)【答案】debatable【解析】【考查
4、点】形容词。【解题思路】根据关键词is，可知横线所在内容为表语，应该为形容词，debatable“有争议的”符合语境，指的是是否所有的澳大利亚语言都是一个语系这件事存在争议。【句意】澳大利亚土著居民的语言构成了另一个不相关的群体，是否所有的澳大利亚语言都是一个语系，这是有争议的。4. 单选题When imaginative men turn their eyes towards space and wonder whether life exists in any part of it, they may cheer themselves by remembering that life ne
5、ed not resemble closely the life that exists on Earth. Mars looks like the only planet where life like ours could exist, and even this is doubtful. But there may be other kinds of life based on other kinds of chemistry, and they may multiply on Venus or Jupiter. At least we cannot prove at present t
6、hat they do not.Even more interesting is the possibility that life on their planets may be in a more advanced stage of evolution. Present-day man is in a peculiar and probably temporary stage. His individual units retain a strong sense of personality. They are, in fact, still capable under favorable
7、 circumstances of leading individual lives. But mans societies are already sufficiently developed to have enormously more power and effectiveness than the individuals have.It is not likely that this transitional situation will continue very long on the evolutionary time scale. Fifty thousand years f
8、rom now mans societies may have become so close-knit that the individuals retain no sense of separate personality. Then little distinction will remain between the organic parts of the multiple organism and the inorganic parts (machines) that have been constructed by it. A million years further on ma
9、n and his machines may have emerged as closely as the muscles of the human body and the nerve cells that set them in motion.The explorers of space should be prepared for some such situation. If they arrive on a foreign planet that has reached an advanced stage (and this is by no means impossible), t
10、hey may find it being inhabited by a single large organism composed of many closely cooperating units.The units may be “secondary”machines created millions of years ago by a previous form of life and given the will and ability to survive and reproduce. They may be built entirely of metals and other
11、durable materials. If this is the case, they may be much more tolerant of their environment, multiplying under conditions that would destroy immediately any organism made of carbon compounds and dependent on the familiar carbon cycle.Such creatures might be relics of a past a past age, many millions
12、 of years ago, when their planet was favorable to the origin of life, or they might be immigrants from a favored planet.1. Humans on Earth today are characterized by _.2. According to the passage, some people believe that eventually _.3. Even most imaginative people have to admit that _.4. It seems
13、that the writer _.问题1选项A.their existences as free and separate beingsB.their capability of living under favorable conditionsC.their great power and effectivenessD.their strong desire for living in a close-knit society问题2选项A.human societies will be much more cooperativeB.man will live in a highly org
14、anized worldC.machines will replace manD.living beings will disappear from Earth问题3选项A.human societies are as advanced as those on some other planetsB.planets other than Earth are not suitable for life like ours to stayC.it is difficult to distinguish between organic parts and inorganic parts of the
15、 human bodyD.organism are more creative than machines问题4选项A.is interested in the imaginary life formsB.is eager to find a different form of lifeC.is certain of the existence of a new life formD.is critical of the imaginative people【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A【解析】第1题:【选项释义】Humans on Earth today are characterized by _. 地球上的人类如今的特征是_。A. their existences as free and separate beings A. 他们作为自由和独立的存在而存在B. their capability of living under favorable conditions B. 他们有能力在有利的环境中生活C. their great power
