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1、高考英语语法考点讲解练习一、名词单复数【知识要点】英语中，名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词变复数形式时，遵循下列规则：1.一般情况下，在名词后添加后缀-s。2.以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词，在名词后添加后缀-es。3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先将-y变成-i，再加-es。4.部分以-f(e)结尾的名词，一般在词尾加后缀-s，但下面的几个名词在变复数时，要将-f(e)改为-ves。5.部分以-o结尾的名词，在名词后添加-es。如：6.其他几个特殊的名词复数变化情况：7.部分名词，单复数同形。8.由“-”连接几个词构成的名词，在变复数时遵循如下规则：有名词中心词的，复数
2、后缀（-s/-es）加在名词中心词上。没有名词中心词的，复数后缀（-s/-es）加在词尾。【考题01】单句语法填空1.Several _ (student) are playing basketball on the playground.2.There are four _ (person) here, so we need four _ (ticket).3.They protect us from being attacked.They are _ (hero).4.Look！There are some _ (tomato) on the shelf.5.The wife of the
3、 thief picked up two _ (knife) made from _ (leaf) to fight again the _ (wolf) around her, and took their _ (life) at last.How brave she was.6.When youre making this painting, you need _ (brush) of different size.7.Mothers are taking care of their _ (child) who are playing games happily.8.The _ (fly)
4、 are so annoying! Lets kill them or at least drive them away.9.In summer, _ (mosquito) are so annoying that we cant have a good sleep.10.Those _ (handkerchief) feel silky.I like them so much.11._ (sheep) are eating there.12.There are so many _ (fish) in the river.Lets catch some to cook.The _ (fish)
5、 must be delicious.13.Nowadays, _ (cellphone) are popular.14.China is a nation made up of 56 _ (people).15.The _ (police) are looking into the case these days.16.There are two _ (blackboard) and _ (door) in the classroom.17.Oh, my god.Every student has more than 60 new _ (book)!18.The United States
6、consists of 50 _ (state).19.Last night, many _ (tree) were pulled down by the strong wind.20.Can you tell us how many _ (province) are there in China?二、名词作定语【知识要点】一个名词修饰另一个名词充当定语时，作定语的名词的单复数形式要遵循以下三个原则（简称为：“名词作定语三原则”）：1、一个名词修饰另一个名词充当定语时，作定语的名词通常用单数形式。（简称为：“名词作定语，用单数”）如：a shoe factory a coffee cup2、m
7、an, woman修饰一个名词充当定语时，man, woman的单复数形式与被修饰的名词的单复数形式保持一致。（简称为：“man，woman，一致”）a man/ woman worker two men/ women workers3、sport修饰一个名词充当定语时，sport用复数形式。（简称为：“sport，复数”）the sports meeting补充：1、由“数量词-名词”构成的结构在修饰一个名词作定语时，其单复数形式遵循上述第一条原则。如：a two-year period （也可写成：a two-years period）2、sale作定语时，其单复数形式遵循上述第三条原则。
8、如：a sales man【考题02】单句改错1.His teas glass fell off the desk and broke.2.Lets meet at the schools gate at 3 Oclock.3.The man workers are talking something there.4.Our sport meeting will be held next weekend.5.It took us a long time to get there.Its a three-hours journey.6.His job is to sell the woodcar
9、vings in the sale department of the company.7.He once worked in a shoes factory.8.The news broadcast is going on.The men driver is listening carefully.9.A new powerful plant is being built to supply us more electricity.10.Our companys buildings are over there.三、名词所有格【知识要点】英语中有三种名词所有格。1、s所有格。适用于有生命词。
10、如：Toms book the dogs leg指时间、地理名称（山脉、河流、岛屿等）、天体名称、度量衡、价值等名词，也可以使用s所有格。如：todays newspaper2、of所有格。适用于有生命词和无生命词。如：the leg of the desk the book of Tom the leg of the dog3、双重所有格。即：融合了上述两种所有格。如：a friend of my mothers (friends) a friend of mine【考题03】改正下列句子中出现的错误。1.The desk leg is broken.It need repairing.2.
11、This is my brothers-in-law house.3.Tom of the book is missing.You can share yours with him.4.Yesterday, a friend of my father came to visit him.5.Give me a today newspaper, please.【答案】一、1.students 2.persons; tickets 3.heroes 4 tomatoes 5.knives; leaves; wolves; lives 6.brushes 7.children 8.flies 9.m
12、osquitos/ mosquitoes10.handkerchiefs 11.Sheep 12.fish(es); fish 13.cellphones 14.peoples 15.police 16.blackboards; doors 17.books 18.states19.trees 20.provinces二、1.teas tea 2.schools school3.man men 4.sport sports5.hours hour/ hours 6.sale sales 7.shoes shoe 8.men man 9.powerful power panys company三
13、、1.The desk leg The leg of the desk 2.brothers-in-law brother-in-laws3.Tom of the book Toms book/ The book of Tom4.my father fathers5.today todays四、冠词【知识要点】1、冠词分为三类：定冠词(the)，不定冠词(a, an)和零冠词（即：名词前不使用冠词）。2、不定冠词的用法： 不定冠词基本用法：表示某一类或某一类中的某一个，表示类指、泛指。如：He is a student. 表示“每一”，与every / per同义。He visited his
14、 parents a / every / per week.用于第一次提到的、对方不知道的名词前。A man is waiting for you. 后接表示姓名的专有名词，表示“像这样的人”。如：He wants to be a Lu Xun. 用于一些习惯用语、固定搭配中。如：at a loss, come to an end, all of a sudden, in a word, as a whole, have a knowledge of, have a population of, have a walk, take a rest, make a decision/plan, draw a conclusion, have a rest, have/take a look, have a history/population/knowledge of, a pair of, a number of, a lot of3、定冠词的用法： 定冠词基本用法：表示说话双方都知道的人或事物，或特指某（些）人或事物，表示确指、特指。Who is the boy there? He is Tom. 上文提到的或谈话双方都知道的对象。T
