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1、一般现在时它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 3)表示客观真理 e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth. 其结构按正常语序,即“主语+谓语+其它”,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提前. 其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作, 一般人称作主语的,变否定
2、句须在动词前加助动词dont;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They dont have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2) 单三人称做主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesnt;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。E.g. Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesnt speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be动词的要在be上做变
3、化. E.g. Danny is a good student. Danny isnt a good student. Is Danny a good student? 其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词,on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。 做题时常见错误如下:一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中例:We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.答案:plant解析:学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在
4、春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中,be是表状态,do是表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在句子中,可记住如下口诀:“英汉语言有差异,be 、do不能放一起,仔细琢磨细分析,语法千万要牢记。” 专项练习:一、 单选1 Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospital.A work works B works work C work are working D is working work2 One of the boys_ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has3 W
5、e will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A dont rain Bdidnt rain Cdoesnt rain Disnt rain 4 He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets5 Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen6 Jenny
6、_ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied答案:1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B二、填空1 I can take Li Ming there when he _ ( come) to visit.2 _your sister_(know)English?3Her home_ _ _(远离 )her school.4The pot_(not look) like yours very much.5 Where _you_(have)lunch every day?6 Who_(想要 )to go swimmi
7、ng?7 _she_(do) the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play) games in the afternoon .答案:1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesnt look 5 do have 6 wants 7 does do 8 play二、单三人称形式易出错例:1 He plaies (play) football very well. 2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.答案:1 plays 2 goes 解析:1以辅音字母加y结尾
8、的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es;2与名词变复数不同,变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错例:1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend? 2 Brian doesnt lives (not live) in China.答案:1 Does have 2 doesnt live 解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:“见助动,用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didnt go home yesterday.四、对do的理解易出错例:We dont (not do) our homew
9、ork in the afternoon.答案:dont do解析:do是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称;b)是助动词,无实义;c)是一个具体的行为动词“做,干”。此句中给出的do指“做,干”,not指把此句变为否定句,故须在do前加助动词dont。五、对主语的数判断有误例: Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.答案: is 解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”,但with在此做伴随状语,不能做主语,故用is.另外,宾语从句中,从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,从句都要用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。1.plays2.gets 3.do brush4.does do5.studies6.goes7.watches8.does read9.does have10.does do11.do have