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1、中考专题复习（五）形容词、副词课标中考考查要求：1. 熟练掌握形容词的作用与位置；2. 了解常用形容词的句型；3. 理解副词的分类、用法和构成；4. 常见副词的用法比较；5. 形容词和副词的分辨；6. 熟记形容词、副词比较等级的构成及用法。知识清单 ：1. 形容词的用法 1) 形容词在句中作定语, 表语, 宾语补足语。 例如：Our country is a beautiful country. （作定语）The fish went bad. （作表语）We keep our classroom clean and tidy. （作宾语补足语）2) 形容词修饰something, anythi
2、ng, nothing, everything, somewhere等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。I have something important to tell you.3) 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，长幼，颜色)出处材料性质类别名词。如：口诀：大小形状描述性，年龄颜色后跟定；产地材料和用途，先后顺序已排清口诀法：“美小圆旧黄，中国木书房” 注：“美”代表“描述或性质类”形容词；“小”代表“大小、长短、高低、胖瘦类” 形容词；“圆”代表“形状类” 形容词；“旧”代表“新旧、年龄类” 形容词；“黄”代
3、表“颜色类” 形容词；“中国”代表“来源、国籍、地区、出处类” 形容词；“木”代表“物质、材料类形容词； “书”代表用途，类别形容词a small round table； a dirty old black shirt；a famous American medical school4) the形容词表示一类人或物 The rich should help the poor.5)形容词常用句型A. “Its +adj.+of+sb.+to do”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，pol
4、ite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)等。Its very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)Its foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.) B.“Its +adj.+for+sb.+to do ”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。注意：这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的)，necess
5、ary(必要的)，difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒适的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.) 习题演练：1. I like_ Benz （奔驰) car. A. beautiful little old black his B.
6、 black his little old beautiful C. his beautiful black little D. his beautiful little black2. Last Sunday, he picked up a _ umbrella. A. black heavy steel Chinese B. black steel heavy Chinese. C. heavy black steel Chinese D. heavy black Chinese steel3.They bought their daughter _handbags as her birt
7、hday present .A. two Shanghai leather small black B. two leather small black ShanghaiC. two small black Shanghai leather D. two black small Shanghai leather4.The old lady goes to the _church every Sunday.A. pleasing old English B. old pleasing English C. English old pleasing D. pleasing English old5
8、. -Which one of those girls is Jacks sister?-The one who is wearing _ skirt .A. a pretty white silk B. a white silk prettyC. a silk pretty white D. a pretty silk white 2. 副词的用法1) 副词在句中可作状语,表语。 He studies very hard. （作状语）When will you be back? （作表语）副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：A. 时间副词常见的时间副词有：now today, tomorrow
9、, yesterday, before, late, early, never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always(频率)等。B. 地点副词常见的地点副词有：here, there, inside, outside, home, upstairs, downstairs, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, somewhere, down, up, off, on, in, out等。.C. 方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的？”这类问题的，常见的方式副词有：anxiously（不安的，焦虑的）, badly, br
10、avely, calmly, carefully, proudly, rapidly, suddenly, successfully, angrily, happily, slowly, warmly, well, fast, slow, quick, hard, alone, high, straight, wide等。D. 程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, completely
11、, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly(部分地)等。E. 疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how, when, where, why等。2). 副词在句中的位置A. 多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：Mr. Smith works very hard.B. 频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，助动词之后。例如：Ive never heard him singing.She is seldom ill.C. 程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面, 但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰
12、词的后面。例如：A rather difficult job.runs very fast; hard enough3). 部分常用副词的用法A. very, much这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：very nice/much better/ much more quicklyMuch可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：They did not talk much.B. also，too，as well与either 的区别肯定句中also，as well，too also常用于助动词之后，行为动词之前
13、；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。例如:My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, too.I cant speak French. Jenny cant speak French, either.C. already, yetalready一般用于语肯定句，和完成时连用，yet一般用于否定句
14、。D. so, neither表示主语也是和上面句子的主语同样的情况： So +助动词+ 主语（肯定形式） Neither +助动词+ 主语(否定形式) 表示主语确实如此，真的是这样： So+主语+助动词 E. so与such的区别So+ adj./ adv. So + adj.+a/an +可数名词单数. So many/few flowers so little(表数量)/much breadSothat(引导结果状语)/so that( 引导目的状语) Such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数Such +adj.+不可数名词Such +adj.+可数名词复数All such possi
15、bilities, One such dictionary, some such cards, several such paintings, another such accident, many such people, no such book= not such a bookSuchthat(引导结果状语) F. sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别sometime：某一时间，某一时刻，将来时，过去时都可sometimes：有时，不时的some time：一段时间，for+ some time some times：几次，几倍例：Well have a test sometime next month. Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are n
