名词性从句专题讲解及配套练习(共32页)

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1、大连市第三十六中学 2011级 二班 陈维实笔记整理(个人)2012年暑假整理完毕 指导老师:蔡雪青高考英语专题五:名词性从句都用陈述句语序一、主语从句1、that不做成分,没有意义,that常不可省略。当that从句位于句首时,连词that是绝对不能省略的。如:that we are invited to a concert this evening is good news to us.我们被邀请去参加今晚的音乐会,这对我们来说是个好消息。2当主语从句位于句首时,只能用whether;当it作形式主语,主语从句位于句末,用whether或if均可。3、当主语从句作主语时,谓语一般用第三人称

2、单数。而当由what引导时,谓语动词与系词后的标语保持一致。What we need is more time. What we need are more books4、用it作形式主语的四种情况(1)It + be + 名词 + that从句常用名词有 fact,honour(荣耀),common sense(常识)wonder,news,shame,pity(2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句常用形容词有:natural,strange,obvious(明显的),important,clear,certain,likely,wrong,necessary,right(3)I

3、t + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句常用过去分词有:reported,decided,suggested,said,announced,told,heard,hoped,thought,advised,ordered,remembered,considered(4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句常用不及物动词有:seem,happen,appear,occur二、宾语从句1、宾语从句的时态与主句相呼应。除客观真理与普遍现象用一般现在时外。2、在作动词宾语时,一般情况下,whether/if均可。在作介词宾语时,不用if,只能用whether。如:t depends on

4、 whether the US. sells the weapons to Taiwan or not.这取决于美国是否向台湾出售武器。3、关于that的省略:一般情况下,宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。但在下列几种情况下,that一般不可省略。(1)介词后面的that不能省。 Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.(2)并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语从句,and前面的that可以省略, and的后面的that不能省略。My uncle says (that) he has served here fo

5、r twenty years and that he is going to retire next month. (3)that引导的宾语从句位于句首时,that不可省略。 That he ever said such a thing I simply dont believe. (4)主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。 He said that, if he could manage it, he would come for dinner. (5)宾语从句中有其他从属连词时,that不能省略。 He told me that if it was necessary

6、 they would work all night. 4、宾语从句的否定转移:在think, consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy等动词后的宾语从句,如有否定意思,一般要把否定词前移到主句的语上,从句的谓语用肯定的形式。 I dont think he can do it better than me. 提示: 在下列情况下,宾语从句不否定转移:(1)think等词前有副词和表示强调的I do think that he is not fair. (2)think等词和其他词构成并列谓语 I think and hope that he wont

7、 cheat at cards. (3)think等词作为插入语 His decision is not wise, I think.5、用it作形式宾语( 1)在take, hide, see to, insist on, depend on等动词以及一些表示爱好的动词(enjoy, hate, like, love, dont mind, resent 等)之后,形式宾语it可直接跟宾语从句。 (2)find,make,feel,think,consider(3)appreciate it when/if/that(4)take it for gronted 认为理所当然(5)see to

8、o it that 确保三、表语从句1、that引导表语从句时,只充当连词的作用,没有实际意义,不作句子成分。Our plan is that well go there once a week.我们的计划是我们一周去那里一次。2、可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。3as, as if/though引导的表语从句 He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 4because, why引导的表语从句 I think it is because you are talking too muc

9、h. 注意 what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导,一般不宜用because。 The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me. What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 四、同位语从句1、在句中做某些名词的同位语,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, doubt, truth, plan, belief,

10、 problem, possibility等,2、连词that只起引导同位语从句的作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,不能省略。3、常用于there be 句型中there be+no sense/ no point + in doingthere be+no doubt / no time / no hope / no possibility + to do / of doing4、that引导定语从句和引导同位语从句的区别从引导词的用法来区别:同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何句子成分;而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中作主语或宾语。如果句子是同位语从句,就应用连词th

11、at而不能用which,同位语从句一般放在抽象名词后解释名词的含义或内容,而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰,引导词that要替代先行词在句中作主语或宾语。具体操作:做题时可以先假设是定语从句,用“先行词还原法”来检验是否真的是定语从句。如果可以把从句前面的那个名词还原到从句中,那么that引导的就是定语从句(此时如果是限制性定语从句,有时还可用which来引导);如果不能把从句前面的那个名词还原到从句中,那么that引导的就是同位语从句。5“疑问词ever”与“no matter疑问词”的区别“疑问词ever”与“no matter疑问词”虽然都有“无论”的意思,但是用法有区别:“疑问词ev

12、er”既可以引导名词性从句,也可以引导让步状语从句;而“no matter疑问词”只能用来引导让步状语从句。习题:第一部分 十年高考题荟萃10福建We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether答案C考点宾语从句解析空格在句中充当宾语。我们应该尊重食物, 考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。10湖南Cindy shut the door heavily and bur

13、st into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why 答案D考点考查名词性从句。解析该空引导宾语从句, 根据句意 “办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。10天津As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which答案B考点考查名词性从句。解析句意:作为一名新毕业生, 他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后

14、的从句中takes是动词, 其后缺少宾语, 所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。10北京 some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How答案B考点本题考查主语从句。解析句意:一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语, 只能用B. what来引导. C.中的That引导主语从句不做成分。10浙江How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. A. which

15、ever B. however C. whateverD. whoever答案C考点本题考查引导词。解析句意:“这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的?” “好啊, 按你的意思吧!”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。10浙江It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether答案B考点本题考查主语从句的引导词。解析根据句意:尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect意思是 “副作用”, 还原主语从句中的主干

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