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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上国际能源机构的用电需求管理计划 Promoting Energy Efficiency and Demand-Side Management for global sustainable development and for business opportunities. 促进能源效率和需求侧管理为全球可持续发展和商业机会。 TheDemand-Side Management (DSM) Programme is one of more than 40 co-operative energy technology programmeswithin the frame
2、work ofthe International Energy Agency (IEA).需求侧管理（DSM）的计划是40多个合作项目之一的能源技术在国际能源机构（IEA）框架。 Since 1993, the IEA DSM Programme has worked to develop andpromote tools and information on demand-side management and energy efficiency.自1993年以来，国际能源机构用电需求管理计划一直致力于开发和推广工具和需求方的信息管理和能源效率。 As a result of this co
3、llaborative work between countries in Asia, Europe and North America, the programme has created a tool box of resources and information for governments, utilities and energy companies to help them incorporate DSM measures in their energy policies and activities.由于这种国家间在亚洲，欧洲和北美的协同工作的结果，该方案已经创建了一个工具，
4、资源和政府信息框，公用事业和能源公司，以帮助他们纳入其能源政策和活动的用电需求管理措施。 Thus, for whoever wants to develop or use demand side management activities or related policies and for whatever purposes, the IEA DSM Programme should be the natural first resource to consult to make use of experiences learned and to further develop DSM
5、and Energy Efficiency tools.因此，无论谁想要开发或使用需求方管理活动或相关的政策和为任何目的，国际能源机构的用电需求管理计划应是自然的第一资源，以进行磋商，以使利用的经验教训和进一步发展帝斯曼和能源效率的工具。 Strategic Plan for the IEA Demand-Side Management Programme 2008-2012.战略计划，国际能源机构的需求侧管理方案2008-2012年。 I NTRODUCTION 我导论 Demand Side Management (DSM) was widely discussed in the 1980
6、s as the alternative to supply side “overspending” in energy systems.需求侧管理（DSM）的广泛讨论，作为替代1980年的供应方“挥霍能源系统”。 In the US DSM was carefully regulated with detailed procedures for investigating cost-effectiveness, rate-impact, programme deliveries, availability for different groups of customers.在美国帝斯曼进行了
7、仔细的调查与成本效益，利率的影响，方案的交付，为客户提供不同类别的详细程序规管。 Public Utility Commissions had hearings with advocates from both sides.公共设施委员会曾与双方主张听证会。 Outside the US the application was in most countries less formal but the basic idea was the same; that the least-cost option for the energy system performance should be c
8、hosen when more supply or less demand were compared on equal terms.在美国以外的应用程序在大多数国家是不太正式，但基本思想是相同的，这在为能源系统的性能成本最低的选择时，应选择更多的供应或需求少了平等的条件比较。 The “Negawatthour” (NWh) was made the conceptual alternative to the Megawatthour (MWh).The solutions were focusing on two issues, one was to reduce the demand f
9、or energy (conservation) and the other was to shift demand from peak periods to off-peak periods (load-management).该“Negawatthour”（NWh）作了概念替代Megawatthour（兆瓦时）。该解决方案是在两个问题为重点，一个是减少对能源的需求（维护），另一个是转移高峰期的需求为关闭繁忙时间（负载管理）。 Both measures motivated by a concern for resource optimisation.通过资源优化为动机的这两项措施的关注。
10、Energy economics is no longer the only market or policy driver that it was when the IEA DSM Programme began.能源经济学已不再是唯一的市场或政策的驱动程序，这是国际能源机构的用电需求管理计划时开始。 Environmental concerns, global climate change and grid/system reliability and security have become even more important market and policy issues Awa
11、reness and concern among business-actors, decision-makers and in the public has grown tremendously.环境问题，全球气候变化和网格/系统的可靠性和安全已经成为更加重要的市场和政策问题的意识和业务参与者的关注，决策者和公众就突飞猛进。 In addition technology opportunities are developing and allow more sophisticated means to apply intelligence and communication in the p
12、ower systems and also to make use of small scale renewable resources in solutions integrated with DSM.除了技术发展的机会，让更先进的手段，适用于电力系统的情报和沟通，也使在与帝斯曼集成解决方案小规模的可再生资源的使用。 Market liberalisation has also changed the conditions and DSM has developed accordingly.市场自由化也改变了发展的条件和相应的用电。 Subject to the circumstances
13、of market and regulatory regime this change has been different in the different countries of the world.受市场情况和监管制度这一变化已在世界不同国家的不同。 The basic idea and its implementation, however, is evolving due to new technological possibilities and to requirements regarding energy security and environmental sustain
14、ability of systems.它的基本思路和实施，但是，由于新技术不断发展的可能性，并要求在能源安全和系统的环境可持续性。 Energy Efficiency remains and grows in importance, having the most economic and greatest potential to reduce costs and environmental impact, but also “cursed” with being invisible and delivered in small packages.能源效率仍然和重要性的增加，最经济和最有潜力
15、，以降低成本和对环境的影响，但也“诅咒”是无形的，在与小包装后交付。 To overcome these problems, DSM is a deployment concept for energy efficiency whereby the small resources are aggregated into larger programmes to make the needed impact and to make the “product” visible and attractive both to governments, industry and customers.为了
16、克服这些问题，帝斯曼是一个能源效率的部署概念，小的资源聚合成更大的方案，以进行必要的影响，使“产品”看得见的和有吸引力的包括政府，行业和客户。 In the 21st century, with the imperative demand to create sustainable energy systems in order to prevent climate change and at the same time to provide for more welfare to more people, DSM has to be re-invented as a tool.在21世纪，迫切要求建立可持续能源系统，以防止气候变化和在同一时间提供更多的福利，更多的人，帝斯曼已被重新作为一种工具的发明。 In doing so, we will certainly also find that wide application of DSM fosters more efficient and mor
