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1、2011届本科生毕业设计 摘 要 本科生毕业设计年产80万抛光砖天然气辊道窑设计Annual 80 square meters of polishing brick gas kiln design学 号：姓 名：专业班级：07级热工系（1）班指导老师：完成日期：2011-6-1材料科学与工程学院摘 要本人设计任务为年产80万抛光砖天然气辊道窑设计。经过对原始数据的分析和计算，为了对其他数据整体把握，定下了三块砖并排行进的走砖方式。窑炉总长64.32米，有效宽是2.3米，烧成温度是1210。采用天然气作为燃料，燃烧器采用高速脉冲烧嘴，外加套管代替烧嘴砖的方式，可有效的提高燃烧质量。事故处理孔的布
2、置相对密集，相对交错布置。排烟口和抽热风口分别设置在辊上下，且在这些区段的前后设有挡墙和挡板，有效加强内部气体滞留时间，提高冷热交换效果。窑体多使用轻质材料，在保证窑外生产管理环境的前提下减少窑墙厚度，加强保温效果；燃烧器分布较广，在预热带中前段基本只有辊下才有烧嘴，有利于节省燃料，调节温差，使制品烧成质量极好；缓冷段设置较长，有利于控制产品缺陷；每两节就有一对测温孔，测温管分别从窑顶和侧面伸入，侧面的测温孔相错布置，有利于全面获取窑炉内部相对较接近的温度数据。为了方便砌筑工作，在设计中我将砌筑考虑在内，在高度方向上尽可能不砍砖，且计算中已经将单砖和泥浆厚度带入到设计中。本设计将在缓冷抽出的热
3、风部分用于助燃，加强了燃烧和预热效果，且其余废热和预热带抽烟段抽出热烟用于干燥及生活用水，能很好的节能减排。我设计的辊道窑，窑体趋向轻小型化，设计可能相对保守，但都求实用。全窑采用气密性良好的布置，尽可能隔绝窑内外环境，倡导洁净生产，优化工作环境。关键词：快速烧成、辊道窑、保温 、节能AbstractI design task as an annual output of 800,000 square meters of natural gas roller kiln After the analysis of raw data and calculations, in the grasp o
4、f the overall consideration of other data, I set three brick brick walk way to move side by sideTotal length of 64.32 m the furnace, the effective width is 2.3 meters, the firing temperature is 1210 . Using natural gas as fuel, high-speed pulse burner burner, plus a brick burner casing instead of th
5、e way, can effectively improve the combustion qualityAccident relatively dense arrangement of holes, relatively staggered layoutExhaust port and pump hot air up and down in the roll were set, and in these sections before and after the retaining wall and the baffle has effectively strengthen the inte
6、rnal gas retention time, improve the exchange of hot and cold effect. Kiln to use more lightweight materials, guarantee the production and management of the environment outside the kiln under the premise of reducing the wall thickness of the kiln to enhance the insulation effect; burner widely distr
7、ibuted in the preheating zone in the front burner only under basic only roll will help save Fuel, adjust the temperature, so that the quality of products, excellent firing; slow cooling section to set a longer conducive to control of product defects; every two holes have a pair of temperature, tempe
8、rature control, respectively, stretching from the furnace top and side, the side Temperature with the wrong hole layout is conducive to relatively close to full access to the internal furnace temperature data. In order to facilitate the work of masonry, masonry in the design, I will take into accoun
9、t the height of cut as much as possible the direction of brick, and the calculation has a single thickness of brick and mud into the design. This design will be out of the hot air part of the slow cooling for combustion, enhanced combustion and preheating, and the remaining waste heat and preheat wi
10、th hot smoke smoking section out of water for the dry and can be a good energy saving and emission reduction. I designed the roller kiln, my kiln tends to light and small, design may be relatively conservative, but they find useful. All kiln with good air tight layout, cut off from the kiln internal
11、 and external environment as much as possible, promote cleaner production, optimize the working environment. Keywords: quick firing, roller kiln, insulation, energy saving目录前 言61 设计任务书及原始资料72 窑体尺寸的确定82.1 进窑砖坯尺寸82.2 排砖方法、内宽及内高的确定82.2.1 排砖方法及内宽82.2.2内高82.3 烧成制度的确定92.4 窑长及各带长102.4.1窑长102.4.2各带长103 工作系统
12、的确定113.1 排烟系统113.2 燃烧系统113.2.1 烧嘴的设置113.3 冷却系统123.3.1急冷通风系统123.3.2缓冷通风系统123.3.3快冷通风系统123.4 窑体附属结构133.4.1 事故处理孔133.4.2测温孔133.4.3观火孔133.4.4膨胀缝133.4.5挡墙、挡板134窑体材料确定154.1窑体材料确定原则154.2窑体材料厚度的确定原则154.3全窑体所用材料及厚度列表155燃料燃烧计算165.1空气量165.2.烟气量165.3.燃烧温度166物料平衡计算176.1相关物理质量计算177预热带烧成带热平衡计算187.1热平衡计算准则187.2热平衡示意图187.3热收入项目187.3.1坯体带入显热187.3.2燃料带入化学热及显热197.3.3助燃空气带入显热197.3.4预热带漏入空气带入显热197.4热支出项目207.4.1热制品带出显热207.4.2窑体散热207.4.
