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1、专业英语八级 -阅读理解 （十六）（ 总分： 100.00 ，做题时间： 90 分钟 ）一、BREADING COMPREHENSION/B（ 总题数： 0，分数： 0.00）二、BTEXT A/B（ 总题数： 1，分数： 25.00）Of all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, themost personal hasbeen that Americans arent too slick with money. We take out home loans we cant afford. Werun up sky-high credit
2、-card debt. Wedont save nearly enough for retirement.In response, proponents of financial-literacy education are stumping with renewed zeal. School districts in states such as NewJersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are
3、sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates butchances for long- term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that tra
4、ditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financial-literacymovementhas gained steam over the past decade, scoreshave been falling on tests that measure how savvy students are about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insu
5、rance and investments.We need to figure out how to do this the right way, says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods dont work. A growing number of researchers and educator
6、s agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real moneyand spending decisions into kids hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tackling such rea
7、l-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Whyexactly do you want those expensive name-brand sneakers so badly? It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently, says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whosecurriculum, used in
8、more than 30 countries, aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives. This goes beyond money and savings.Amid such a complicated Ian dscape, some experts questi on whether there could ever be eno ugh educati on to adequately prepare America ns for finan cial life. A better soluti on, thes
9、e critics con ten d, is to reform the system. What works is creati ng in stituti onsthat make it easy to dothe right thing, says David Laibson, a Harvard economics professor who, like Man dell, has decided after years of research that educatio n isnt a silver bullet. One idea being discussed in Wash
10、ington is the automatic IRA. Employers would have to en roll each worker in a pers onal retireme nt-sav ings acco unt uni ess that worker decided to opt out.Yet even the skeptics are slow to write off financialeducation completely.More tha n anything, they say, we n eed to rigorously study the finan
11、 cial decisions of alumni of programs like Ariel and Aflatoun and compare them with those of peers who did nt get the same sort of educati on.Un til youhave experimental evidenee, its all a little speculative, says Michael Sherrade n, a professor at Wash ington Un iversity in St. Louis who is con du
12、ct ing a seve n-year, ra ndomized, con trolled study on whether giving childre n bank acco unts in culcates the habit of sav ing. Yes, good, solid research like this takes a lot of time and resources. But if what were doing right now isnt work in g, its in our own best in terest to figure out what d
13、oes.(分数：25.00)(1) .What is said about traditional financial-literacy education? A. School districts in states add financial courses to their curriculums.* B. The benefits from learning financial courses last a lifelong time. C. Financial know-how from class is also helpful in real life.* D. Financia
14、l-literacy movement has been failed over the past decade.(分数：5.00 )A. VB.C.D.解析：解析推理判断题。第二、三段是对传统金融知识教育方法的说明。第二段第二句提到新泽西州和 伊利诺伊等州的学区开设了理财课程，由此可知A项正确。第三段首句提到即使在全国财政能力挑战比赛中取得最好成绩，可能也不会为学生带来多少长远利益，故B项错误。第三段第二句提到几乎没有证据表明提高学生理财知识的传统办法在课堂之外起了作用，故C项错误。第三段第三句说的是过去十年理财扫盲运动在兴起，而不是一直失败，故D项错误。(2) .A growing num
15、ber of researchers and educators advocate a radical approach that* A. tackles real-world issues that affect purchasing decisions.* B. starts financial education from high school instead of adults.* C. puts kids in financial environment to learn from life experiences.D. avoids discussing the emotions
16、 and social influences about spending.(分数：5.00 )A.B.C. 7D.解析：解析事实细节题。第四段中提到越来越多的研究人员和教育工作者认为我们有必要采取更彻底的 办法。他们主张在高中以前就开展金融教育，给孩子现金，并把支岀权交给孩子，并和他们坦诚地讨论与 花钱方式相关的情绪和社会影响，也就是说让孩子在现实生活中学习理财，故C正确。A是第五段中其他人的倡议想法，故排除；B与高中以前开展理财教育相悖；D与原文意思相反，故错误。(3) .What does Michael Sherraden think of the financial education of programs like Ariel and Aflatoun? A. Its fru
