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1、状语从句（教师用）【教学内容】状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call .（副词）2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset .（介词状短语 ）3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day .（ 不定式）4. Seen from a distance , the
2、 farmhouse looked deserted .（过去分词）5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、 原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语 结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从 句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下：1 .
3、时间状语从句常用弓 I 导词： when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until特 殊弓I导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day , the instant,immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly -when, scarcely whenI didn t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.Wh
4、ile John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard（果园）the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 .地点状语从句常用引 导词： where特殊弓 I 导词： wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, ai
5、r will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3 .原因状语从句常用弓 I导词： because, since, as, since特殊弓 I 导词： seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because I m handsome and successful.Now that everybody
6、 has come, let begin o ursconference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4 .目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that特殊弓 I导词： lest, in case, for fear that, in t
7、he hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5 .结果状语从句常用引导词:sothat, so that, such that,特殊弓 I 导词： such that, to the
8、degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn t sleep last night.6 .条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless,特殊弓 I 导词： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided t
9、hat, suppose that, in case that, on condition thatWd ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 .让步状语从句常用弓 I 导词： though, although, even if, even though特 殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中
10、必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首),nomatter in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could
11、 not change her mind.He won t listen whatever you may say.8 .比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)特殊引导词：the more the more ; just as , so;A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the
12、healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。9 .方式状语从句常用弓I导词： as, as if, how特殊引导词：the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.10 .状语从句的简化?状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件：主句和从句的主语一致，或
13、从句主语为it；从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .He ll go to the seaside for his holid学 if (it is ) possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：I m taller than he (is tall ).The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).就状语
14、从句而言，有时为了使语言言简意赅，常常将状语从句进行简化。状语从句的简化 现象在口语中较为普遍，而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此，有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状 语从句的简化”现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中：由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句;由 although, though, even if/though 等引导的让步状语从句 ；由 when, while, as, before, after, until / till等引导的时间状语从句；由as, as if等引导的方式状语从句：由as, than等引 导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。当状语从句的主语是it,
15、且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如：If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便，否则你必须出席这次会议。(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形：a.连词+形容词As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。Work hard when (you are) young, or youll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a f
