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1、吉林大学珠海学院本科毕业论文摘要 医疗器械在当今社会的卫生保健事业中得到了极为广泛的作用，同时也面临良好的发展机会，近三十年来，医疗器械产业得到了迅速地发展。目前，医疗器械的类别已达数千种，产品类型有4万余种，其应用已深入到卫生保健的各个环节，成为人们生活不可或缺的一部分。就世界医疗器械发展的总体水平来看，欧美国家的生产技术水平较高，而我国尚处于起步阶段，设备种类不齐全，设备的精密程度不高，尤其在神经探测等方面基本处于空白阶段，有待于进一步发展。本课题涉及的是神经探测方面的医疗电子仪器臂丛神经测试仪。臂丛神经测试仪的输出探针能产生脉冲波刺激神经干，诱发臂丛神经分支所支配的脉搏跳动，产生传感器可
2、测得得反应；戴在人手臂上的压电传感器再把这一反应信号传给蜂鸣器，蜂鸣声告知医务人员已经探测到神经的位置定位，从而进行其他的治疗。本课题涉及的知识面较广，既要深入了解人类臂丛神经的组成特点，医用设备的指标，还要学习生物医疗传感器，单片机的接口技术及其指令系统，智能仪器原理和显示技术等。本课题由硬件和软件两大部分构成。硬件设计采用8031为主控模块的单片机及其扩展系统，控制脉冲输出和传感器信号的接收，由键盘输入数据，由晶体管LED显示脉冲电压输出值；软件设计采用8031指令系统进行编程。关键词：臂丛神经； 神经测试仪； 医疗器械； 单片机。Abstract Medical equipment in
3、 todays health care community has been the cause of a wide range of roles, while also facing a good development opportunities, nearly three decades, medical equipment industry has been developing rapidly. At present, the medical device has reached thousands of categories, product types are more than
4、 4 species, their application has been deep into all aspects of health care has become an indispensable part of peoples lives. Medical equipment on the worlds overall level of development, Europe and the United States a higher level of production technology, while China is still at the initial stage
5、, the type of equipment is not complete, the sophistication of equipment is not high, particularly in the neural detection of gaps in areas such as the basic stage to be further developed. The issue relates to the detection of neural medical electronic equipment - brachial plexus tester. Brachial pl
6、exus tester probe to produce the output pulse to stimulate the neural stem, induced by brachial plexus branch dominated by the pulse beat, resulting in a sensor can be measured reaction; wearing arm in the piezoelectric sensor and then the reaction signal to the buzzer, beep sound to inform the medi
7、cal staff has been to detect the location of nerve location, so other treatment. Knowledge of the issues involved in a broader, deeper understanding of both the composition of the human brachial plexus characteristics, indicators of medical equipment, but also to study biomedical sensors, single-chi
8、p interface technology and its command system, the principle of intelligent instrument and display technology. This issue by the majority of hardware and software constitute the two. Hardware design for the main control module 8031 and the expansion of the single-chip systems, control and sensor out
9、put pulse signals received from the keyboard input data, from the transistor LED display pulse voltage output value; software design systems used to program instructions 8031. Key words: brachial plexus； nerve tester；single-chip； medical devices目录第一章 绪论11.1医疗器械简介及分类1 1.2医疗设备的可靠性分析1 1.3环境对医疗仪器设备的影响2
10、1.3.1尘埃影响2 1.3.2温度湿度影响2 1.3.3电磁干扰2 1.4医疗器械的行业发展状况及前景2 1.5医用电子检测仪器3 1.6课题涉及3第二章 臂丛神经测试仪5 2.1臂丛神经组成及其对刺激的反应5 2.2神经刺激器的参数5 2.3神经刺激电极6 2.4臂丛神经根电生理研究6 2.5神经阻滞及麻醉6 2.6神经刺激仪7 2.7臂丛神经测试仪简介7第三章 方案论证8 3.1硬件设计8 3.2软件设计8第四章 硬件电路设计94.1传感器9 4.1.1传感器定义及分类9 4.1.2电压传感器工作原理9 4.1.3纵向效应压电传感器10 4.1.4横向效应压电传感器10 4.1.5压电传感器等效电路10 4.2放大器11 4.3地址锁存器12 4.4 EPROM13 4.5反向器13 4.6显示电路设计14 4.6.1硬件译码显示接口14 4.6.2 LED显示器驱动技术15 4.7键盘电路的设计16 4.7.1键盘输入的特点16 4.7.2按键的确定与抖动的消除16 4.7.3按键接口设计164.8脉冲可调电路设计174.9电源电路的设计17 4.9.1变压器的使用17 4.9.2稳压器的使用18第五章 软件设计205.1 主程序205.2 子程序20第六章 综合调试24参考文献25致谢26吉林大学珠海学院本科毕业论文第一
