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1、外文翻译Digital Meter for Measuring Rotational SpeedAbstract A digital meter for measuring the rotational speed is introduced in this paper. It is controlled by an MCS-51 series single-chip microcomputer 8032. It contains the following features: rational design, high accuracy, wide measurability range a
2、nd powerful function and dependability. Moreover, it is very nimble and convenient to use. The work principle is presented in detail in the paper and the block diagram and program flowchart are given as well.Key works: digital measuring apparatus; rotation speed; single-chip micro-computerThe rotor
3、speed control system of industry is one of the important parameters. Mechanical tachometer measuring speed, the rotor contact with the measured object must be to get the synchronous speed, through the internal gear shift instruction after the pointer speed with the size of the header. Use of mechani
4、cal tachometer measured object can interfere with movement, especially when measured rotor mass is very small, speed tables on the rotor pressure is not a small additional load, which affects the measurement accuracy. This paper describes a 8032 single-chip microcomputer as the core to the non-conta
5、ct Digital Tachometer. 1 speed measuring principle The gun speed-sensitive devices with infrared sensors, launched by the specialized infrared detection devices, while receiving reflected back from the measured object infrared, photoelectric conversion into electrical pulses through the signal, does
6、 not affect the rotation of the object. Tubes and pipes are fixed in the detection of acceptable shelf, through the lens focus, semi-transparent film not only to the reflected infrared light fired rotating objects, they can rotate the object by the reflected infrared light through the translucent me
7、mbrane back fired for management. Along the circumference of a rotating body even paste some reflection paper, it directed reflection infrared to receive the reflected acceptance of the infrared control. Photovoltaic conversion shown in Figure In the optical triode 3DU5C adding an appropriate bias,
8、when 3DU5C by infrared irradiation, at the conduction state, A point for the low level, 3DG6 end, B point is high; when no infrared radiation, the photoelectric transistor closed A high point presentation, so 3DG6 low collector point B, B point of the pulse signal through the inverter 1,2 plastic, a
9、nd then the door 3 RP, frequency and speed will be proportional to the size of the corresponding changes The speed pulse signal. Speed pulse signal into the 8032 microcontroller timer / counter, through the microcontroller to calculate speed software processing. Figure 1 Schematic photoelectric conv
10、ersionWhen the machine used in the measurement speed M / T method and timing method were used. M/T M / T method is the detection time Tc, the time according to speed pulse m1 and m2 to calculate the speed pulse. If a fixed period Tc, the total time taken and pulse rotation pulse fp fcs Pulse on m1 a
11、nd m2, timing pulse frequency f, rotor output pulses per revolution for the p, the speed n = 60fm1 / pm2 (r / min). Such as the speed measured over 1 s pulses for the m1, rotor output pulse number per revolution, that great number of p, the speed n = 60m1 / p (r / min). 2 hardware speed measurement
12、instrument Figure 2 constitute the grounds of speed 8032 MCU measuring circuit. 8032 is MCS-51 series single chip, compared with the common 8031 chip, a feature more than 8032 strong T2 timer / counters and 128 bytes of internal RAM, which T2 counter with 16-bit auto-reload and capture, can for time
13、r / counter with, but also used as a baud rate generator. The system used for time T2, which take into account regular pulse, regular pulse signal directly from the 8032 chip address latch signal ALE client leads, and through the 74LS74 dual D flip-flop frequency, was two points. When using 6 MHz cr
14、ystal oscillator, the time pulse frequency fc is 0.5 MHz. T0 accrual speed pulse counter fp, T1 time pulse counter for taking into account fc, trigger DFF1, DFF2 and 1,2,3,4 component count and gate control circuit, can also start and stop counters T0 and T1. P0 port to allow control through the end
15、 of 8D with latch 74LS377 extends an 8-bit output, as a five segment LED digital display of the data line selection code. P3.0, P3.1 access switches S1 and S4, S1 for the very few P set selector switch, S4 input pulse for the very few keys. P3.2 and P3.3 are connected S2 and S3 switch, S2 switch met
16、hod for the speed selection key; select the use of M / T method speed, or velocity measurement with time. S3 for the speed frequency select switch, to select the measuring speed or frequency measurements. When using regular method to measure the speed, the system can be easily measured by measuring the frequency. 3 software design and anti-interference measures System programming includes the main program, interrupt procedures, code conversion routines, display routi
