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1、外语系英语专业本科毕业论文An Analysis of Freuds “Ego, Id and Superego”in The Thorn Birds以弗洛伊德“本我自我超我”思想解读荆棘鸟Abstract:Colleen McCullough,who is the author of The Thorn Birds, is an Australian female writer.The novel The Thorn Birds causes quite a stir after its publication .It is translated into multiple language
2、s and often reputed as “Gone with the Wind of Australia”. Based on Freuds theory id, ego and superego, this paper analyzes the reasons that resulted in the tragic love between Ralph and Meggie in The Thorn Birds.Key words: Tragic love, Id, Ego, Superego.摘要：小说荆棘鸟的作者是澳大利亚的女作家考琳麦卡洛。小说从1977年在美国出版后就引起一阵狂
3、潮。这本书已经被翻译成多种语言发行，并且经常被称为是“澳大利亚版的乱世佳人”。以弗洛伊德的本我，自我和超我的理论为基点，这篇论文主要是分析荆棘鸟这部小说中造成男女主角拉尔夫和梅吉爱情悲剧的原因。关键词：爱情悲剧，本我，自我，超我 1. IntroductionColleen McCulloughs novel The Thorn Birds is one of the Australian novels that are popular and famous all over the world. This novel illustrates the theme about love, rel
4、igion, power and ambition. But among these, the painful and desperate love between Ralph and Meggie attracts the readers most. This essay analyses the love story between Ralph and Meggie and uses the theory of Freud: “ego,id and superego”to analyze the story. The Thorn Birds begins with a legend abo
5、ut a bird which sings just once in its life, more sweetly than any other creature on the face of the earth. From the moment it leaves the nest it searches for a thorn tree, and doesnt rest until it finds one. Then, singing among the savage branches, it impales itself upon the longest and sharpest sp
6、ine. And dying, it rises above its own agony to out carol the lark and the nightingale. One superlative song, existence the price. But the whole world stills to listen, and god in his heaven smiles. For the best is only brought at great pain（McCullough preface）.Love is the eternal theme in human lif
7、e. However, love changes much because of the influence of asceticism. Although love is a tragic thing, the spirit of main characters longing for love and struggling for the doctrine of religions is worth learning. It can also be learned that the asceticism restrains the human nature and results in t
8、he destruction.Then,when people face the problem, ego, id and superego comes out.Ralph and Meggies life experience gives us a good understanding of their personalities in terms of ego id and superego.2. The Theory of Freud2.1 Sigmund Freuds Theory is quite complex and although his writings on psycho
9、sexual development set the groundwork for how our personalities developing, it was only one of five parts to his overall theory of personality. He also believed that different driving forces develop during these stages which play an important role in how we interact with the world. According to Freu
10、d, we are born with our id. The id is an important part of our personality because as newborns, it allows us to get our basic needs met. Freud believed that the id is based on our pleasure principle. In other words, the id wants something what feels good at the time, with no consideration for the re
11、ality of the situation. When a child is hungry, the id wants food, and therefore the child cries. The id doesnt care about reality, about the needs of anyone else, only its own satisfaction. If you think about it, babies are not considerate of their parents wishes. They dont care for time, whether t
12、heir parents are sleeping, relaxing, eating dinner, or bathing. When the id wants something, nothing else is important. Within the next three years, as the child interacts more and more with the world, the second part of the personality begins to develop. Freud called this part the ego. The ego is b
13、ased on the reality principle. The ego understands that other people have needs and desires and that sometimes being impulsive or selfish can hurt us in the long run. Its the egos job to meet the needs of the id, while taking into consideration the reality of the situation. By the age of five, the S
14、uperego develops. The Superego is the moral part of us and develops due to the moral and ethical restraints placed on us by our caregivers. Many equate the superego with the conscience as it dictates our belief of right and wrong. In a healthy person, according to Freud, the ego is the strongest so
15、that it can satisfy the needs of the id, not upset the superego, and still take into consideration the reality of every situation. Not an easy job by any means, but if the id gets too strong, impulses and self gratification take over the persons life. If the superego becomes too strong, the person w
16、ould be driven by rigid morals, would be judgmental and unbending in his or her interactions with the world.The love between Meggie and Ralph can best illustrate the three levels of peoples personality. 3. A Fight for Love3.1 Ralph: a Double-faced Priest3.1.1 Ego:A Earthly Man to Seek Love “Ralph, we are priests, but we are something else before that; and we can not escape in sp
