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1、专 题 三 中考题型 语法知语法知识识第16讲 词汇运用题型 要点归纳思维导图考向及母题典例词汇是学习英语的基础,也是中考的高频考点之一。近几年来,许多省市的中考英语都非常重视考查考生在具体语境中运用词汇的能力。命题特点:主要考查一些高频词汇(如名词、动词、形容词等);考查各类词形变化;考查六种时态的正确运用。题型分析:词语运用题主要考查学生对于不同语境下英语词形的掌握情况,如对于名词要考虑单数、复数、所有格等形式;对于动词要考查人称、时态、单复数、语态以及非谓语动词等形式;对于代词,要考查代词的各种形式;对于形容词或副词,应注意比较等级的变化;对于修饰语,要注意用形容词修饰名词或代词,用副词
2、修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子;这一题型还常考查近义词的辨析。考向1:根据首字母填空解题思路:1. 读懂句意,确定单词。所缺的单词一定是句中的关键词,一般多为名词或动词等实词。 2. 瞻前顾后,确定形式。3. 检查所填单词的形式以及语法结构是否正确。母题1(2023江苏宿迁统考中考真题)The film Born to Fly is well w watching. You cant miss it.【答案】(w)orth【详解】句意:电影长空之王非常值得一看。你不能错过。根据首字母可知,此处是be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。故填(w)orth。考向2:根据汉语意思填空
3、1. 首先要正确写出句子中所给汉语所对应的英语单词。2. 若有两个以上的词汇符合所给的汉语意思,则要根据具体语境及固定搭配进行取舍。3. 然后从语法角度确定英语词汇的适当形式。若填写的是名词,就要注意用名词的单数还是复数;若填写的是形容词、副词,就要注意是否需要用比较级和最高级的形式;如果是动词,就要注意它们的时态、语态等。母题2(2023江苏镇江统考中考真题)Dont give up (尝试). Im sure you will succeed.【答案】trying【详解】句意:不要放弃尝试。我相信你会成功的。try“尝试”,动词。give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”,动名词作
4、宾语。故填trying。考向3:根据语境和句意填空该题型通常所采用的解题步骤为:明确所给词组或短语的含义弄清所给句子的意思确定空白处所需的单词或短语的意思正确选出所填的词或短语。母题33(2022江苏南通统考中考真题)Do you think he is telling the ?Of course. He is an honest boy.【答案】truth【详解】句意:你认为他说的是实话吗?当然。他是个诚实的男孩。根据“He is an honest boy.”可知他是个诚实的孩子,所以说的是实话,tell the truth“说实话”,故填truth。考向4:根据英语解释填空1、弄清英语
5、解释的意思,找出几个意思相符或相近的英语词汇。2、根据上下文,选择最合适的英语词汇母题4(2022江苏宿迁统考中考真题)While Tan Dun was young, he once made music with (not special) objects like stones and paper.【答案】common/ordinary【详解】句意:谭盾年轻时曾用石头、纸等普通物品创作音乐。此空缺少形容词修饰名词objects,结合提示词以及“like stones and paper.”可知,这些都是普通的物品,common/ordinary“普通的”,故填common/ordinar
6、y。考向5:用单词适当形式填空该题型旨在考查考生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力,通常所采用的解题步骤为:明确所给词的词性弄清所给句子的意思确定空白处所需的词性正确写出所填的词。具体操作方法如下:首先,要认真阅读句子,正确理解句意。其次,要分析应填词在句中充当的句子成分,正确判断应填词的词性。再次,要判断所填词应采用的正确词性。若为名词,应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式;若为动词,应注意其人称、数、时态、语态及非谓语动词形式;若为修饰语,应注意修饰名词或代词时用形容词,而修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句时要用副词;若为代词,注意代词的各种形式;若为形容词、副词,应注意等级变化;若为数
7、词,要注意基数词与序数词的正确选择。母题5(2023江苏镇江统考中考真题)In the folk story, the amazing white snake is (lucky) saved by a young man.【答案】luckily【详解】句意:在民间故事中,这条神奇的白蛇被一个年轻人幸运地救了下来。lucky“幸运的”,是形容词, 此处修饰动词,应用副词,故填luckily。考向6:完成句子1、能够正确拼写单词。2、掌握固定短语搭配、句式结构。3、正确使用语法知识,避免中国式英语。母题6(2023山东枣庄统考中考真题) , little happiness is everywh
8、ere in our daily life.事实上,生活中的小欢喜无处不在。【答案】 In fact【详解】结合中英文提示可知,此处缺少in fact“事实上”,是固定短语,位于句首的单词,首字母要大写,故填In;fact。 名校新优子题高分必刷一、用所给单词的正确形式填空名校新优子题必刷1(2023湖南永州统考二模)As is known to all, China has the (big)population around the world.名校新优子题必刷2(2023江苏镇江统考一模)The fisherman will (probable) get a big fish after
9、 trying again.名校新优子题必刷3(2023江苏镇江统考一模)The trees along the street were almost (blow) down by the rainstorm last night.名校新优子题必刷4(2023重庆九龙坡重庆市育才中学校考一模)The kid looked at the dog in (excite). How he wanted to bring him home!名校新优子题必刷5(2021福建模拟预测)Our teacher gave us some (value) advice on how to learn Engli
10、sh well.名校新优子题必刷6(2023上海黄浦统考三模)Computers can be used to (operation)railways and fly airplanes and spaceships.二、完成句子名校新优子题必刷7(2023重庆沙坪坝重庆南开中学校考二模)我们不能总是依赖父母来为我们做决定。(完成译句) We cant always our parents to make decisions for us.名校新优子题必刷8(2023甘肃定西校考模拟预测)下个路口右转,你就能够看到一家医院。 at the next turning, and you can s
11、ee a hospital.名校新优子题必刷9(2023贵州六盘水统考二模)无论时代如何变迁,雷锋精神永不过时。 how times change, the spirit of Lei Feng will always be around us.三、根据首字母填空名校新优子题必刷10(2023江苏宿迁统考二模)He never has t with English because he really works hard on it.名校新优子题必刷11(2023江苏宿迁统考二模)Jerry often complains that he doesnt have enough time for
12、 hobbies. As Grade 9 students, we should keep a b between our hobbies and schoolwork.四、根据句意填空名校新优子题必刷12(2023山东枣庄校考一模)Clothing is also a big seller.The better it is, the price you will get.名校新优子题必刷13(2023江苏南通统考二模)About 80% of Chinese characters are up of smaller part which are mixed in different ways
13、 to develop thousands of hanzi.五、根据汉语提示填空名校新优子题必刷14(2023江苏镇江统考一模)These hard-working scientists tried hundreds of times and finally (成功).名校新优子题必刷15(2023新疆乌鲁木齐乌市一中校考模拟预测)There are (40) students in my class.名校新优子题必刷16(2023四川遂宁射洪中学校考二模)You should read the exam question (两次) over before answering it.六、根据
14、汉语及首字母填空名校新优子题必刷17(2023安徽合肥合肥38中校考三模)Although he has a lot of w (财富),it doesnt make him happy.名校新优子题必刷18(2023安徽安庆安庆市第二中学校考三模)The children were p (惩罚) for telling lies.七、根据英文解释填空名校新优子题必刷19(2023江苏南通统考二模)A Chinese knot is a knot that is woven(编织) from a (only one) rope to be different shapes.名校新优子题必刷20(2022江苏宿迁统考二模)DIY means that you make, (fix, mend) or decorate things yourself instead