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1、部分倒装：1疑问句中，一般须部分倒装。如：How long have you been here?你来这儿多长时间了？What do you think about the movie?你认为这场电影怎么样？Why doesn t he come he#也为什么没来这儿？注意：当对句子的主语提问时，一般不用倒装语序。如：Who did it just now?刚才谁干的？What happened last night?昨天晚上发生了什么事？2否定词 no, none, neither, nor, nobody, nothing, never， 或半否定词 hardly, seldom, sc
2、arcely, barely, little, few,否定词的短语 not until, by no means, not onlybut also, in no way, neither nor, in no time, no sooner than，hardly when ， 及频度状语副词every day, every other day, many a time, often等位于句首时，一般 须部分倒装。如：Neither do I know him.我也不认识他。No word did he say before he left.他一句话没说就走了。Little did I k
3、now about it.我对它了解得不多。Not only did he come, but also he brought us good news.他不但来了，而且给我们 带来了好消息。Often did he come here with a good smile on his face.他来这里时，脸上挂着笑容。 3Ony所强调的方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等置于句首时，一 般须用部分倒装。如：Only when I got there did I know the truth.我只有到那里时 才知道事情的真相。Only in the morning can you mee
4、t him. 你只有在早晨见至M也。注意：(1) Only +状语不在句首时，不可倒装，如:iI wrote to him only yesterday.我就在昨天给它取了封信。(2) Only +名词做主语时，不可倒装。如：Only Li Lei can answer this question.只有李蕾能回答这个问题。(3) 如果句子是主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。如：Only 讦 he works hard will he be able to regain control of the company.( 只有努力工 作他才能重新获得这个公司的控制权。)4as / though引导
5、让步状语从句时，一般须用部分倒装。如：Old as / though he is, he works like a young man.尽管他很老了，但他工作起来却 像个年轻人。Hard as / though he was working, he didnt pass the exam.虽然他一直在努力学习， 但他还是没有通过那次考试。Try again as / though he will, he cant succeed.尽管他还会再试一试，但是它不会 成功。as / though引起的倒装分三种情况：表语、动词原形及状语的倒装。(1)表语的倒装。一般直接将表语提前到句首，若表语是带不
6、定冠词a /an的单 数可数名词，倒装后，不定冠词a / an须被省略。如：Fine as / though he looks, he is ill with some serious diseases.Child as / though he is, he knows much about the society.原形动词的倒装。A.动词前面带有情态动词may, might, will, would, can, could等时，只将行为动词提到句首，而这些情态动词保留在原处。B.若动词前 面没有情态动词时，应在动词原来的位置加上助动词do的适当形式。C.用于这 一句型的动词一般是不及物动词，
7、而不能是系动词或及物动词。如：Swim as / though he can, he cant swim so far.尽管他会游泳，但是他游不得那么 远。Run as / though he did, he didnt run fast enough to catch the bus.虽然他跑，但是他 跑得不够快而没有赶上汽车。状语倒装。如：In the classroom as / though he stays, he doesnt read his texts.尽管他呆在教室里， 但他不读书。Ccarefully as / though he worked, he made some
8、mistakes.尽管他工作很细心，但还 是除了一些差错。5. as放在句首意思是“也，也是”时，弓I起句子倒装。如：She worked hard,as did her husband.她工作很努力，她的丈夫工作也很努力。She traveled a great deal,as did most of her friends.她经常旅游，她的大多数朋友也 经常旅游。6. may用来表示祝愿时，一般用部分倒装。如：May you have a good journey.祝你旅途愉快。May you succeed.祝你成功。7当虚拟条件句的谓语含有were, had, should时，可将if
9、省略，而将were, had, should提到句首，形成部分倒装。如：Were he here, we would have no difficulty with it.要是他在这儿的话，我们就不会 有难处了.Had you worked hard, you would have finished it early.要是你工作努力的话，你将 早就完成了。8当so用来连接不同的人或物具有相同的情况时，可用部分倒装。如：一Tom can speak Chinese.汤姆会讲汉语。一So can Mary.玛丽也会讲汉语。一Mr. Li has gone to America. 李先生去美国了。一
10、So has Mrs. Li.李夫人也去美国了。但是，若是对同一个人或事的情况表示肯定而重复时，不能倒装。如：一Li Lei is good at his lessons.李蕾的功课学得好。一So he is.他的确学得好。一Wei Fang went to the cinema last night.魏方昨晚去看过电影。一So she did.她的确去看过()。9结构sothat/ such that引导状语从句，当so或such提到句首时，主句 须用倒装语序。如：So interesting is that story that everyone wants to read it. 那个故
11、事那么有趣，大家 都想看。So good a girl is she that we all like her .她是一个如此好的女孩，我们大家都喜欢 她。(比较)Such a good girl is she that we all like her.她是一个如此好的女孩，我们大 家都喜欢她。10感叹句中的倒装。如：Isnt it beautiful!难道还不漂亮！Arent you content with it!难道还不知足！全部倒装：1. here、there、then、now位于句首时的倒装表示地点的here和there位于句首时，其后用完全倒装形式。这类倒装句的谓语 通常是动词be
12、和come, go等表示移动或动态的不及物动词：Theres J吉姆在那儿。Here comes the bus .公共汽车来了。There goes the last trai n.最后一班火车开走了。【注意】(1) 以上倒装句中的谓语动词come和go不能用进行时态，即不能说Here is coming the bus。(2) 若主语为代词，则不倒装：Here I am.我在这儿。Here it comes .它来了。 其中的动词有时也可能是stand, lie, live等表示状态的动词(表示存在)：There stood a desk against the wall .靠墙放着一张书
13、桌。Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Beef. 从前有个人名叫 比 夫。2. 地点副词away, down, in, off, out, over, round, up等位于句首时，其后用完全 倒装语序。这类倒装句的谓语通常表示动态的不及物动词：Away went the runners.赛跑选手们跑远了。Round and round flew the plane .飞机盘旋着。The door opened and in came Mr Smith.门开 了，史密斯先生进了来。Down came the rai
14、n and up went the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。【注意】若主语为人称代词，则不能用倒装：Away he went.他 跑远了。Down it came .它掉了下来。3. 状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主 语和谓语完全倒装：Among these people was his friend Jim.他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻 人，手里拿着一本杂志。【注意】在表语置于
15、句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一 致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：In the box was a cat.箱子里是一只猫。In the box were some cats.箱子里是一些猫。4. 分词和不定式置于句首的倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构 成倒装：Buried in the sands was an ancient village. 一个古老的村庄被埋在这沙土之中。 Standing beside the table was his wife.站在桌旁的是他的妻子。To be carefully considered are the following questions.下 列问题要仔细考虑。5. there be句型中全部倒装，除be动词外，there后还可以接come、live、 remain、seem to be 等，构成倒装：There lived an old man.那儿住着一个老人。There stood a boy.那儿站着一个男孩。There seems to be no doubt about it.此事似乎毫无疑问。6. so.that句型中，谓语为
