七八年级必须掌握的19个重点英语语法!110+学霸必背! (1) - 学好语法在初中英语学习中至关重要今天,要和大家分享的是七八年级必需要掌握的九大语法点,助力大家英语提分! can+动词原形,它不随主语的人称和数而变化 1. 含有can的肯定句:主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他 2. 含有can的否认句:主语+can't+动词的原形+其他 3. 变一般疑问句时,把can提早:Can+主语+动词原形+其他? 肯定答复:Yes,主语+can否认答复:No,主语+can't. 4. 含有can的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他? I can speak English.→I can't speak English.→Can you speak English? →What can you speak? what time和when引导的特殊疑问句 1. 询问钟点时用what time,询问日期、月份、年份时用when 2. What's the time?=What time is it?如今几点了? 3. 时刻表达法:顺读法和逆读法 顺读法:“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。
如:7: 05 seven five;8:16 eight sixteen 逆读法:借助介词past或to表示,要先说分再说钟点 a. 当分钟不超过30分钟时〔包括30分钟〕,即30,用to表示其构造为:“所差分钟〔即60—所 过分钟数〕+to+下一个整点”,to译成“差”,差几分钟到几点 如:4:38 twenty-two to five c. 当分钟为30分钟用half表示,当分钟为15分钟用a quarter How引导的特殊疑问句 1. how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式,其答语分三种情况: a. take a/an/the+交通工具〔单数〕 b. by+交通工具〔单数〕 c. on/in+限定词+交通工具 ---How do you go to school every day? ---I take a bus to go to school every day./I go to school by bus every day./I go to school on the bus every day. 2. how far 用来提问间隔 ,多远,其答语分为两种: 〔1〕用长度单位表示:It is five kilometers. 〔2〕用时间表示:It’s twenty minutes’walk. 3. how long 用来提问时间,意为多久答复常用“for+段时”。
----How long have you learnt English? ----For 3 years. 4. how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间, 用于将来时态, 常用“in+时间段”来答复 ----How soon will you arrive in Beijing? ----In 3 hours. 祈使句一般表示恳求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等一般以动词原形开头,句末可以用感慨号或句号 1. 肯定的祈使句: (1) 实义动词原形+其他 :Please look at that boy. (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他:Be quiet, please. 2. 否认的祈使句: (1) Don’t+实义动词+原形 Don't stand there. (2) Don’t be+形容词+其他 Don't be so noisy. (3) No+n./V-ing No photos. 不许照相 No talking. 不许谈话 如今进展时: 如今进展时指当前时间正在发生的动作常与now,at this moment,listen,look等词连用。
谓语动词构造:be+动词ing形式 They are having class. He is eating lunch. 变为否认句直接在be动词之后加not,其他不变;变为一般疑问句直接把be动词提到句首,其他不变 They are having class.→They are not having class.→ Are they having class? He is eating lunch.→ He is not eating lunch. → Is he eating lunch? There be句型 1. There be句型主要用以表达“某处有某人〔某物〕,强调存在”其根本构造为“There be+某物〔某人〕+某地”,有时为了强调地点,也可把地点状语放在句首 There is a book on the desk. On the desk there is a book. 2. have表示“某人拥有某人或某物,强调拥有和所属关系” The man has two cars. 3. There be句型中的就近原那么,即be和距其最近的主语保持一致。
There are some pens and a book on the floor. =There is a book and some pears on the floor. 选择疑问句是指说话人提出两种或以上的情况,让对方选择是哪一种,两个选择局部用or连接选择疑问句不用yes或no来答复,直接在两个选择里选一个答复 ---Is she tall or short? ---She is tall. ---Can you play the piano or play the guitar? ---I can play the piano 名词 1. 名词单数变复数规那么 在英语里面,名词分可数名词〔countable noun〕和不可数名词〔uncountable noun〕不可数名词没有单复数之分,用时只当单数词用;可数名词有单复数之分,一个的第 页 共 页。