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1、被动语态一、语态概述1.一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken2. 一般过去时:was/were+spoken3. 一般将来时:will/shallbe+spoken4. 现在进行时:am/is/arebeing+spoken5. 过去进行时:was/werebeing+spoken6. 现在完成时:have/hasbeen+spoken7. 过去完成时:hadbeen+spoken三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。（2）强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be
2、+过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.fHewaslaughedatbyallpeople.TheymakethebikesinthefactoryfThebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.fAtreewascutdownbyhim.五、含有情态动词的被动语态六、特殊情况1.makehearnoticeseelet2. 双宾语3. 主动表被动：1、Need
3、,want,require（要求，需要）,deserve（应得，值得）,beworth值得）,notbear（经不住）后面接doing主动表被动。Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。Theoldbuildingrequiresrepairing.这座古建筑需要修了。Theseyoungtreeswillrequire/needlookingafter（=needtobelookedafter）carefully.Yourhairwants/needscutting（needstobecut）.你的头发该剪了。2、不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有
4、动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。Ihavemuchworktodo.我有许多要做的事情。（与work有动宾关系，与I有主谓关系）Tomislookingforaroomtolivein.Tom在找一间住的房间。（与room有动宾关系，与Tom有主谓关系）Hehasafamilytosupport.他要维持一个家庭。（与family有动宾关系，与he有主谓关系）3、结构：主语+系动词+形容词+不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如difficult,easy,comfortable（舒适的）,convenient（便利的
5、，方便的）,hard,cheap,expensive,等，不定式用主动表被动。Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.这个问题很难回答。Theworkiseasytodo.这项工作很好做。Ifoundthecarcomfortabletoridein.我觉得这种车很好坐。Thatmakespoetrydifficulttowrite.那就使得诗很难写。4、系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste（吃起来），sound（听起来）,prove（证明是）,feel（摸上去感到）,look（看起来），smell（闻起来）等,例如：5、一些与cant（不能
6、）或wont（不会）连用的动词。常用的有：lock（锁住），shut（关上），open（打开）,act（上演）,write（写），cut（砍，切），wear（穿，戴）等，用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。例如：Thedoorwontopen.这门打不开。6、一些动词如sell（销售）,wash（洗）,clean（打扫）,burn（燃烧）,cook（煮）等与副词如well（好）,easily（容易地），perfectly（十分地）等连用，描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语+动词+加副词。例如:Thebooksellswell.这种书很畅销。Theseclotheswasheasily.这些衣
7、服很易洗。7、在therebe句型中作主语的定语如果现在分词时，所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。Thereisnothingdoingthesedays.这些天没事干。Iseetheresagoodideaplanning.我知道又在打好主意。8、表示开始，结束一startbeginopenclosefinishstopendThedooropenedandincameMrSmith.将下列句子变为被动语态:PeoplespeakEnglishinCanada._.Hisparentsmakehimstayathomeonschoolnights.ThegirlsingstheEnglish
8、songafterclass._Heoftenhelpshisbrother.PeopleallovertheworldknowtheGreatWall.Myfatherismendingmybike.Theyarebuildinganewschoolinthecountry._.Tomismakingkitesoverthere._Mr.Greenallowedthemtohaveaparty.Hermothermadeusabigcake.Theyfoundedthathospitalin1996.TheymadetheTVsetslastyear._Didyoufinishyourhom
9、eworklastnight?_Wehavelearnedover1000wordssofar._Thewriterhaswrittenmanystoriesforthatmagazine.Wewilltakegoodcareoftheold._TheywillinviteTomtodinner.Weregoingtoholdameetingthisafternoon.Hewasdoinghishomeworkatthistimeyesterday.Hismotherhadtoldhimnottowastetimeonfishing.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Youmaykee
10、pthebooksfortwoweeks._将下列句子变为被动语态:1. Thissongisoftensung.2. Hislegwasbrokeninthematch.3. Herhousewillbesoldsoon.4. Themachineisbeingrepaired.5. Hisworkhasbeenfinished.6. HeiscalledLaoWang.7. Somethingmustbedonetohelpher.8. Whatwassaidatthemeeting?9. Iwasgivensomeoldmagazines.10. Iwastoldtowaitattheg
11、ate.()1ThePeoplesRepublicofChina_onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2EnglishinCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3ThisEnglishsong_bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4Thiskindofcar_inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5New
12、computers_allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused()6Ourroommust_clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()7-Idliketobuythatcoat.-Imsorry._.A.itsoldB.itssellingC.ItsbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()8Anewhouse_atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()9Thekey_onthetab
13、lewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()10Doctors_ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed()11Hisnewbook_nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished()12Japanese_ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking(
14、)13Thesepapers_yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()14Thesportsmeet_behelduntilnextweek.A.didntB.wontC.isntD.doesnt()15-Myshoesarewornout.A.Canttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Canttheymended?()16_thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.Do
15、esB.HasC.IsD.Are()17_thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do()18Why_totalkaboutityesterday?A.didntameetingholdB.wasntameetingheldC.wasntheldameetingD.ameetingwasntheld()19Whowasthebook_?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby()20Where_theseboxesA.wasB.wereC.isD.am()21Theflowers_often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater()22Thebooksmay_fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow()23ThebrokenbikeherebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended()24Theoldbridgeinmyhometown_
