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1、 虚拟语调用法归纳英语动词一般可带有三种不同语调：陈述语调，祈使语调和虚拟语调。不同语调用动词不同形式（有还借助句法形式）来体现。一、 虚拟条件句条件句有两类：一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句如果假设状况是有也许发生，就是真实条件句，谓语用陈述语调。If you dont work hard，you will fail.If it is fine tomorrow，we will go for a picnic.如果假设状况过去、目前、将来都不存在，则为虚拟语调虚拟条件句和相应主句动词形式列表：条件从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反假设had donewould/could/mi
2、ght/should have done与目前事实相反假设过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do与将来事实相反假设过去时 (waswere ) ；should do;were to dowould/could/might/should do1.与目前事实相反虚拟What would you do if you won the lottery?If I were you，I would seize the chance to go abroad. If I had a lot of money now，I would travel around the w
3、orld.2.与过去事实相反虚拟If you had been here yesterday，you would have seen her.If he had driven more carefully，he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反虚拟If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow，our plan would be put off.If we were to picnic，we would not be able to help.二、错综、混合虚拟语调一般
4、，在上面表格里反映是非真实条件句虚拟语调模式，从句和主句谓语动词时间是一致，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语调。混合型虚拟语调使用规定“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设时间不同，采用上面表格中相应谓语动词形式。1. If I had seen you，I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去假设，主句是对目前假设)2. If you had not watched television so late last night，you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去假设，主句是对目前假设)3. Had you
5、followed the doctors suggestion，you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去假设，主句是对目前假设) 4. If I had made some money last summer，I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去假设，主句是对将来假设)5. You didnt let me drive. If we had driven in turns，you wouldnt be so tired now. (从句是对过去假设，主句是对目前假设)6. If I were your mother，I woul
6、d let you go out this weekend. (从句是对目前假设，主句是对将来假设)三、含蓄虚拟语调虚拟语调中“含蓄之美”指是含蓄虚拟语调。由于有时假设状况并不是以if引导条件从句形式浮现，而是通过某些短语等形式暗示虚拟语调存在，常用词语有with，without，but for，otherwise，or，even，in case of，what if(如果将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数状况是对过去假设)。But for your encouragement，I would not have been admitted to this universit
7、y. （过去）Without water，all lives would die. （目前）He felt too tired yesterday，or he would have attended my party. （过去）I was having a meeting，otherwise I would have come to see you off. （过去）四、虚名词性从句虚拟语调具有should +V用法，这一某些重要是有关建议和命令有关从句，波及主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句以及以之有关形式主语宾语之类从句。记忆口诀：一种坚持(insist)，两个命令(order，co
8、mmand)，三个建议(suggest，advise，recommend)，四个规定(ask，require，demand，request)。1. 宾语从句虚拟语调 He insisted that the meeting be put off.The general ordered (that) all the soldiers (should ) leave.He gives orders that the soldiers (should) leave. 2. 表语从句虚拟语调My suggestion is that we (should) stay here for a rest.3
9、. 同位语从句虚拟语调There is no suggestion that she (should) resign.4. 主语从句虚拟语调重要体目前It做形式主语三种状况： Its +p.p +that ； Its + adj. +that； Its + n. +that常用动词recommand，demand，desire，order，request，require，suggest,command常用形容词important，necessary，right，advisable，natural，strange，surprising，regretful,urgent，vital，insiste
10、nt，essential常用名词duty，pity，no surpise，no wonder，shame，regret其实这些词在句子中其实也有建议命令类似意思Its important that you should take the medicine.Its a pity that you should refuse the invitation.Its essential that we should learn some knowledge about fist aid.Its demanded that all the students should go to the playgr
11、ound. It was suggested that he should join the club activities.5. It为形式宾语状况事实上是上面形式主语一种变形，是以it为形式宾语复合宾语从句，it背面宾语补足语多为形容词或名词，常用词就是上面形式主语背面那些词。I consider it vital that he (should) think deeply before acting.We think it necessary that the meeting (should) be put off.6. 某些词语如suggest，insist 等有双重含义，因此在使用时
12、候要注意什么时候用虚拟语调，什么时候不用虚拟语调。Her smile suggested that she was in favor of the plan.We insisted that what the boy did was wrong. 五虚拟语调在特殊句式中运用，重要有两种状况：I. would rather，Its time，for fear thatwould rather在使用时要注意它不同用法。由于自身would rather可以直接接动词原形，构成would rather do sth. (than do sth.else)；或者would do sth. rather
13、than do sth.else.而虚拟语调would rather 是这样使用would rather sb. did(对目前或将来假设)/ had done(对过去假设)I would rather he didnt go now.They would rather they hadnt attended the party. Its (about) (high) time (that)从句中常用过去式(有时也用should do)，含建议意思。汉语意思为“是该做时候了”，也等于Its time for sb. to do sth. Its high time (that) we went
14、 home.Its high time that we (should) go home.Its high time for us to go home.for fear that 背面可以接虚拟语调should do，也可以接其她语调，但仍然会有一种情态动词。I will not make a noise for fear that I should / might disturd you.II. wish+clause；as if/ though+ clause；If only这三种状况虚拟语调有点相似。wish后宾语从句，谓语动词要用虚拟语调，其形式重要有三种wish sb. did(对
15、目前虚拟)；wish sb. had done(对过去虚拟)；wish sb. would do (对将来虚拟).偶尔在对过去虚拟时，也会浮现wish sb. would have done状况。I wish I knew what was going to happen.She wished she had stayed at home.I wish I would have seen her last night.此时要注意体现语调很强时用How sb. Wish+ clause，其用法同上。如果要用was仍然换成were.How I wish I were a bird.as if/ though浮现虚拟语调重要有两种状况：主句+as if/ though引导状语从句； seem/ look/ smell +as if/ though引导表语从句。主句+as if/ though引导状语从句：主句+as if/ though+主语+did/ were(对目前假设)；主句+as if/ though+主语+could/ would do(对将来假设)；主句+as if/ though+主语+had done(对过去假设)seem/ look/ smell等从句状况基本上和上面一致。 S
