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1、北京市牛栏山一中2020届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Just _1_ (locate) in east of the Forbidden City, the Dongsi hutongs are one of the _2_(old) residential neighborhoods in Beijing. Over the past years, these huton
2、gs _3_(undergo) major restoration as the city and its residents both struggle to find a balance between traditional and modern values.【答案】1. located2. oldest 3. have undergone【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，简单介绍了北京的东四胡同的情况。位于故宫的东边，东四胡同是北京年代最久的胡同之一。过去这么多年来，随着城市和居民都努力地要找到传统价值和现代价值之间的平衡，这些胡同经历了主要的整修。【1题详解】考查过去分词作状语。句意
3、：位于故宫的东边，东四胡同是北京年代最久的胡同之一。句子主语the Dongsi hutongs和locate之间为动宾关系，所以要用到located的形式。故填located。【2题详解】考查形容词的最高级。句意：东四胡同是北京年代最久的胡同之一。用法上形容词的最高级之前用冠词the，另外one of the +最高级，表示：之一，故填oldest。【3题详解】考查现在完成时。句意：过去这么多年来，随着城市和居民都努力地要找到传统价值和现代价值之间的平衡，这些胡同经历了主要的整修。根据现在完成时的用法：在含有时间状语over/during/in the past years的句子中，主句使用
4、现在完成时。故填have undergone。【点睛】完成这道题的关键在于充分掌握相应的语法和搭配。如第1小题：完成试题时，若能通过分析句子，知道句子主语：the Dongsi hutongs和locate 之间的逻辑关系为动宾关系，又因为主句为主（the Dongsi hutong）系（are）表(one of the in Beijing),即可知道主句之前的部分为状语。所以locate要用过去分词；第2小题：了解了one of the +最高级，表示：之一，本道题就迎刃而解；第3小题，充分掌握了现在完成时的用法特点：在含有时间状语over/during/in the past years
5、的句子中，主句使用现在完成时，答案就显而易见了。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Tea is an important part of Chinese tradition. As Chinese society developed and progressed, tea production has played a role in driving economic development while drinking tea has remained a practice of daily life
6、.The practice of tea culture can bring the spirit and wisdom of human beings to a higher level. Tea has an _4_ (extreme) close relationship to Chinese culture, and its study _5_ (cover) a wide field and has very rich content. There is no doubt _6_ it has been beneficial in improving social _7_ (achi
7、eve) and peoples appreciation of art.【答案】4. extremely5. covers 6. that7. achievements【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了中国传统文化：茶，在社会发展和进步中的意义：茶文化的实践可以把人类的精神和智慧提高到一个更高的水平。【4题详解】考查副词。句意： 茶对中国文化有着极为密切的关系，横线后close relationship为名词短语，close为形容词，根据用法，形容词之前要用副词修饰，用extremely。 故填extremely。【5题详解】考查动词。句意：其研究包含了广泛的领域，内容十分丰富。由句中a
8、nd 可以知道前后分句之间的时态一致，都用现在时，因为主语its study为第三人称，所以谓语用单数。故填covers。【6题详解】考查连接词。句意： 毫无疑问，它有利于提高人们的社会成就和艺术鉴赏能力。句中：There is no doubt that “毫无疑问，可以肯定的是”为固定结构。其中that引导的是同位语从句。故填that。【7题详解】考查名词。句意同上题解析。句意：在提高人们的社会成就和艺术鉴赏能力方面。横线前social为形容词，形容词修饰名词，所以需要填名词。作为“成就”时，其为可数名词。故填achievements。【点睛】掌握相关词的使用习惯对完成语法填空题，起着重要
9、的作用。第1小题，根据题干，横线后为形容词，了解形容词之前要用副词即可完成答案。第3小题，由固定用法结构：There is no doubt that，就可知道答案为that；第4小题，横线前social为形容词，形容词修饰名词，所以需要填名词。在学习中，积累词的使用习惯和固定结构，在完成习题中可以起到事半功倍的效果。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Billions of poor people around the world _8_ (depend) on the use of wood for
10、cooking. And as they take more and more firewood from wild areas, they are destroying habitats around the world. Wood collection is one reason why many animals have become endangered. This is _9_ Dr. Metcalf spends each summer in Africa. He wants to teach women and children in villages how to cook w
11、ith the sun. He helped create Solar Cookers International. Its an organization _10_ introduces solar cookers to developing countries as well as teaching people how to use them.【答案】8. depend/are depending9. why 10. that/which【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。由客观事实人们依赖木材来烹饪，引起动物栖息地的破坏，从而使许多动物变成濒危动物，说明Dr. Metcalf（梅特卡夫博士
12、）建立Solar Cookers International（国际太阳能炊具公司）的原因：教会人们如何使用阳光来烹饪。【8题详解】考查时态。句意：全世界数十亿穷人依靠木材做饭。结合语境可知，这是一个事实情况。所以使用一般现在时表示客观事实。另外，使用现在进行时，可以表示逐渐变化的趋势。故填：depend /are depending。【9题详解】考查连接词。句意： 这是Dr. Metcalf（梅特卡夫博士）每年夏天都会去非洲的原因。分析句式可知，连同横线在内之后的内容在主句中做表语。引导表语从句表原因，故填why。【10题详解】考查关系代词。句意：这个组织向发展中国家介绍太阳能炊具，并教人们如
13、何使用它们。句中organization为先行词，其后的句子为定语从句。先行词在定语从句中做主语，因为先行词organization指物，关系代词用which/that。故填which/that。【点睛】解决复合句的关键在于：正确分析主句和从句。所以，掌握好简单句的句式对于分析句子起着至关重要的作用。第2 小题，主句是主（this）系（is）表结构，而表语是一个完整的句子，在意义上缺少原因状语，所以填写why。第3小题，主句：这是一个组织。为主系表结构，随后的句子是对organization做限定修饰，为定语从句。另外organization在定语从句中做主语，且指物，所以关系代词用which
14、/that。第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)11-30阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Keep a Checklist in Your MindWhen I was about seven or eight years old, I remember going into the barn（马厩）one evening where my father was doing jobs that he had to do regularly. I was surprised to see him _11_
15、his hat backwards. It looked_12_.When I asked Dad _13_ his hat was on backwards, he smiled and gave me an explanation. It seemed there was a large water_14_ for the cattle that had to be filled every day. Because it took a long time to finish it, he would _15_ the water on and then go about doing other things like cleaning the barn or _16_the cattle, which usually cost him twenty minutes or even more time. The_17_ , of course, was that if he forgot to turn the water off, the tank would overflow, and water would be wasted and it would make a _18_.Then he told
