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1、必过07 被动语态考点一被动语态的构成(以do为例)现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般is/am/aredonewas/were/donewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone进行is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendone考点二被动语态的用法1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或没有必要指明谁是动作的执行者。 The window is dirty. 窗户脏了。 I know.It hasnt be
2、en cleaned for weeks. 我知道。好几周没擦了。2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身。 All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home. 除了经理以外,所有的雇员都被鼓励在家网上办公。特别提示 “get+过去分词”也可以表示被动,此结构比较口语化。She got married last week.她上周结婚了。The patient got treated once a week.那位病人一周得到一次治疗。He fell off the car and got kill
3、ed.他从汽车上掉下来,摔死了。3.被动语态的特殊用法 (1)英语中有很多动词,如break, catch, clean, drive, look, open, sell, read, write, wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物;在这种情况下,常常和easily, well等副词连用。 The sign reads as follows.这牌子告示如下。 The machine runs well.这种机器运转良好。 (2)表示感受、感官的系动词feel, sound, taste, look等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构,无被动
4、形式。 Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来合理。(3)在need, want, require, deserve, bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面, 动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这所房子需要修理。(4)在某些“主语(人/物)+be+形容词+不定式”中不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant,
5、interesting等。 The problem is difficult to work out.这道题很难计算出。(可看作to work out省略了for me)(5)be to rent/blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。 Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为这个错误接受谴责?“3招”巧解语法填空 1.掌握独特的时间状语标志(1)看到 always， often， seldom， sometimes， usually等要想到用一般现在时；(2)看到yesterday, last night, a few days ago, the other d
6、ay等要想到用一般过去时；(3)看到 tomorrow， next year等要想到用一般将来时；(4)看到now， at present等要想到用现在进行时;(5)看到 at that time，then， at six oclock yesterday等要想到用过去进行时；(6)看到this time tomorrow, from 1 oclock to 3 oclock，tomorrow等要想到用将来进行时；(7)看到since, so far, up to now, in the last/past few years等要想到用现在完成时；(8)看到by/ until/ before/
7、 by the end of+“表示过去的某时间”，要想到用过去完成时。【思路点拨】1. Last year, I (be) lucky enough to take part in an event called Shanxi in the eyes of foreigners.【答案】was【解析】考查时态。根据句首时间状语“Last year”可知本句用一般过去时，故填was。句意：去年，我有幸参加了一个名为“外国人眼中的山西”的活动。2. Its success is very encouraging in todays television world where reality s
8、hows (play) a leading part so far.【答案】have played【解析】考查时态。根据句尾时间状语“so far”可知本句用现在完成时，故填have played。句意：它的成功在今天的电视世界中非常令人鼓舞，在那里真人秀节目到目前为止都处于领先地位。3. Tom was shocked to realize that the two-month summer vacation (pass)before he knew it.【答案】had passed【解析】考查时态。根据句尾从句“before he knew it”可知本句用过去完成时，故填had pas
9、sed。句意：汤姆意识到这两个月的暑假不知不觉就已经过去了，感到很震惊。4. The festival traditionally (begin) on the first day of the first month in the Chinese calendar and ends with Lantern Festival which is on the 1 5th day.【答案】begins【解析】考查时态。根据句意“这个节日传统上从在农历的第一个月的第一天开始，在第15天的元宵结束时结束。”可知本句说的是客观事实，故用一般现在时，填begins。5. The styles, rule
10、s, and regulations for Chinese poetry gradually (change) over the centuries until the time of the Tang Dynasty.【答案】changed【解析】考查时态。根据句尾时间状语“until the time of the Tang Dynasty”可知本句用过去时，故填changed。句意：几个世纪以来，中国诗歌的风格和规则逐渐发生变化，直至唐代。2.熟记句式，利用语境暗示(1)be doing when，主句常用过去进行时，从句常用一般过去时;(2)It is/ has been+时间段+
11、since.表示“自从以来已经”主句用现在完成时或一般现在时，从句用般过去时;(3)祈使句+and/or+陈述句，陈述句常用一般将来时；(4)有些题目在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下，正确理解语境也是解决时态问题的行之有效的方法。6. One day I (read) a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman-Lindas married name.【答案】was reading【解析】考查时态。本句考
12、查了be doing sth when结构中的过去进行时，故填was reading。句意：有一天，当我读一份报纸时突然看到一张照片，照片上的一位年轻女子长得很像琳达，她的姓是瓦格曼-琳达的已婚名字。7. Take the chance, or you (regret) it.【答案】will regret【解析】考查时态。本句考查“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，期中陈述句常用一般将来时，故填 will regret。3.分清主动被动，辦析语态看到动词为及物动词，后面缺少宾语要想到用被动语态。【思路点拨】8. The song which (sing)on the stage now w
13、as just written by Albert, for whom being a famous musician is his forever dream.【答案】is being sung【解析】考查时态。根据句意“现在舞台上正在被演唱的那首歌是阿尔贝写的，对他来说成为一名著名的音乐家是他永远的梦想。”可知填正在进行时的被动语态。故填is being sung。9.It (report) that many people die of traffic accidents each year.【答案】is reported【解析】考查时态。本句考查its is reported that
14、 结构，故填is reported。句意：据报道每年有很多人死于车祸。10. According to the result of the inspection, they found that the insect contains a powerful drug, so local farmers (employ) to catch the insects.【答案】were employed【解析】考查时态。根据句意“根据检查结果，他们发现这种昆虫含有一种强力的药物，因此当地农民被雇用来捕捉这些昆虫。”可知填were employed。11. At the end of December,
15、 the librarys old and classic books (put) online too, bringing borrowers a lot of convenience.【答案】will be put【解析】考查时态。根据句意“到12月底，图书馆的旧书和经典图书也将被放到了网上，给借阅者带来了很大的便利。”可知填一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be put。12. Facial recognition technology (extend ) into many areas of school life so far.【答案】has been extended【解析】考查时态。根据本句结尾的时间状语so far 可知本句用现在完成时态，再根据句意“到目前为止，面部识别技术已经被扩展到学校生活的许多领域。”可知本句该用被动语态，故填现在完成时的被动语态has been ext
