2023年考研英语一真题及答案具体解析2023年全国硕士探讨生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案具体解析Section I Use of English:Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Though not biologically related,friends are as“related as fourth cousins,sharing about 1%ofgenes.That is _(l)_a study,published from the University of California and Yale University in theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has(2)_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)_ 1,932 unique subjects which(4)_ pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers.The same people were used inboth_(5)_.While 1%may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist.As James Fowler,professor of medicalgenetics at UC San Diego,says,“Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but somehowmanage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our kin.”The study_(9)_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genesfor immunity.Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain,for now,_(10)_,asthe team suggests,it draws us to similar environments but there is more_(l l)_it.There could bemany mechanisms working together that _(12)_us in choosing genetically similarfriends13)_functional Kinship of being friends with_(14)_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to beevolution_(15)_than other genes Studying this could help_(16)_why human evolution picked pacein the last 30,000 years,with social environment being a major_(17)_factor.The findings do not simply explain peoples18)_to befriend those ofsimilar_(19)_backgrounds,say the researchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from apopulation of European extraction,care was taken to_(20)_that all subjects,friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.1.A when B why C how D what2.A defended B concluded C withdrawn D advised3.A for B with C on D by4.A compared B|sought C separated D connected5.A tests B objects Csamples D examples6.A insignificant B unexpected Cunbelievable D incredible7.A visit B miss C seek D know8.A resemble B influence C favor D surpass9.A again B also C instead D thus10.A Meanwhile B Furthermore C Likewise D Perhaps11.A about B to Cfrom Dlike12.A drive B observe C confuse Dlimit13.A according to B rather than C regardless of D along with14.A chances Bresponses Cmissions Dbenefits15.A later Bslower C faster D earlier16.Aforecast Bremember Cunderstand Dexpress17.A unpredictable B contributory C controllable D disruptive18.A endeavor Bdecision Carrangement D tendency19.A political B religious C ethnic|D economic20.A see B show C prove D tellSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted“kings dont abdicate,they dare in their sleep.”But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-electionshave forced him to eat his words and stand down.So,does the Spanish crisis suggest thatmonarchy is seeing its last days?Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals,with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.When publicopinion is particularly polarised,as it was following the end of the Franco regime,monarchs canrise above mere politics and“embody“a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuingpopularity polarized.And also,the Middle East excepted,Europe is the most monarch-infestedregion in the world,with 10 kingdoms(not counting Vatican City and Andorra).But unlike theirabsolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royal families have survived because they allowvoters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure.Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside.Symbolic of national unity asthey claim to be,their very history-and sometimes the way they behave today-embodiesoutdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and othereconomists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it isbizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democraticstates.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles,not horses(or helicopters).Even so,theseare wealthy families who party with the international 1%,and media intrusiveness makes itincreasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europe9s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time tocome,it is the British royals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her ratherordinary(if well-heeled)granny style.The danger will come。