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1、Teaching goals 教学目标1. Target language 目标语言a. 重点词汇和知识archaeology, accurate, radioactivity, chronological, excavation, identify, alternative, household, date back tob. 交际用语Practice giving opinions and describing objectsI think that we should. because.I suggest we.If., then maybe we ought to.Perhaps we
2、 should / could.We must ask for help from.What if.?It seems likely / unlikely that.It looks like.It could be. because.How large do you think it is?Is there any. on the.?It may / might have been used as / for.2. Ability goals 能力目标Enable the students to talk about archaeological evidence and knowledge
3、 and learn to describe people and practice giving opinions.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the students learn how to give opinions and describe objects.Teaching important & difficult points 教学重难点Learn to describe objects and give opinions.Teaching methods 教学方法Listening and cooperative learning.Te
4、aching aids 教具准备A tape reorder, a projector and a computer.Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式Step Lead-inLead-in by talking about the ancient civilizations. T: Good morning, boys and girls! You must have learned history in the past years, havent you?S: Yes.T: Have you ever heard “Four Great Ancient
5、Civilizations”?S: Yes, they are Ancient China, Ancient Greece, Ancient Egypt and Ancient India.T: What do you know about them?S1: In Ancient China, we have “Four Great Inventions”. They are the compass, printing, gunpowder and papermaking, of which we are proud, and which, in the words of Roger Baco
6、n, “changed the whole appearance and status of things in the world.”S2: China was the first country in the world to make paper. Paper made during the Western Han Dynasty (202 BC-16 AD) has been found in Gansu Province, Xian and Shaanxi Province as well as Xinjiang. A further development of paper was
7、 credited to Cai Lun of the Eastern Han (25-220). He used plant fiber such as tree bark, bits of rope, rags and worn-out fishing nets as raw materials. In 105, Cai presented the first batch of paper made under his supervision to the Han emperor, who was so delighted that he named the material “Marqu
8、is Cais paper”.S3: Before paper was invented, the ancient Chinese carved characters on pottery, animal bones and stones, cast them on bronzes, or wrote them on bamboo or wooden strips and silk fabric. These materials, however, were either too heavy or too expensive for widespread use. The invention
9、and use of paper brought about a revolution in writing materials, paving the way for the invention of printing technology in the years to come. S4: The invention of gunpowder was no doubt one of the most significant achievements of the Middle Ages in China. The correct prescription for making gunpow
10、der with nitre, sulphur and carbon was probably discovered in the ninth century. S5: Bis printing consisted of four processes: making the types, composing the text, printing and retrieving the movable types. According to Dream Stream Essays, Bi Sheng carved individual characters on squares of sticky
11、 clay, and then baked them to make clay type pieces. When composing a text, he put a large iron frame on a piece of iron board and arranged the words within the frame. While one plate was being printed, another plate could be composed. After printing, the movable types were taken away and stored for
12、 future use. Movable type printing had a very important position in the history of printing, for all later printing methods such as wooden type, copper type and lead type printing invariably developed on the basis of movable clay types. Bi Sheng created movable type printing more than four hundred y
13、ears earlier than it was invented in Europe. S6: According to ancient records, natural magnets were employed in China as direction-finding devices. This led to the first compass, called a sinan (south-pointing ladle) during the Warring States Period. In the Han Dynasty compasses consisted of a bronz
14、e on which 24 directions were carved and a rod made from a natural magnet. Such devices were in use until the eighth century. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo described the floating compass, suspended in water, a technique that minimized the effect of motion on the instrument. This enabled the compass
15、to be used for sea navigation for the first time. The invention of the compass promoted maritime undertakings, and its use soon spread to the Arab world, and thence to Europe. S7: Chinas four great ancient inventions made tremendous contributions to the worlds economy and the culture of mankind. The
16、y were also important symbols of Chinas role as a great world civilization.S8: Ancient Egypt is famous for pyramids and mummy.S9: Olympic games grew out of Ancient Greece. Besides, Ancient Greece is well known for its art, architecture and myth.S10: Ancient India is known for its culture of Buddha.T: Excellent! I m very happy that youve known so much about Four G
