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1、dontthinkso.A.DoenjoyB.Doesen；since的句式来表达。如：Hehasjoineoungmanherwhilesheherwork.A.waguage(speak)inJapan?13.Theblac(* 强烈推荐*) 初中英语语法复习之重点语态和时态英语语态部分一语态概述:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表 示主语是动作的执行者。例如： Many people speak Chinese. 谓语： speak 的动作是由主语 many people 执行的。被动语态 表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象
2、。例如： Chinese is spoken by many people. 英语 English 是动词 speak 的 承受者。二、被动语态的构成:被动语态由 动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过 be 的变化表 现出来的。现以 speak 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时： amis/arespoken一般过去时： waswere spoken一般将来时： willshall bespoken现在进行时： amisare being spoken过去进行时： was/were being spoken将来进行时： will be being + s
3、poken现在完成时： havehas beenspoken过去完成时： had been + spoken三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被 盗了。 （不知道电脑是谁偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981. 这座桥竣工于 1981 年。 (不知道这座桥是何人修建的)(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如： The glass was broken by Mike. 玻璃杯是迈克打破的This book was
4、written by him. 这本书是他写的。 Your homework must be finished on time. 你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。 (3) 当动作执行者为物而非人的时候，一般用被动语态表达。例如： The old window has been opened by the strong storm, hard to repair again. 这扇陈旧的窗户已经被狂风暴雨吹打开了， 难以再继续修补了。(4)用在固定的句型结构中表达， It is said /reported/believed/showed （据说/据报道/据相信/据展示） +that +句子，这种
5、特殊的结构中， it 是形式主语， 真正的主语是 that 后面的句子。比如： It is said that there will be a heavy wind and a sharp fall of temperature in the coming weeks. 据说在接下来的一个周将会迎来大风和强降温天气。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把主动语态中的谓语变成被动结构中“be过去分词”的形式（根据原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be 的时 态， 同时根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数最终确定 BE 的形式）。(3)A 。把主动语态中的主语
6、（动作的执行者） 放在介词 by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. = He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.= The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree.= A tree was cut down by him.B。另外，如果主动语态中的主语是某一地点名词充当的并非是动作的执行者， 那么转化成被动语态之后，不能用 by 引导，而应该换成 in 后面接该类地
7、点名词。 比如： China has made many great changes in recent years.=.Many great changes have been made in China in recent years. 中国近几年发生了许多伟大的变化。五、含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由 情“ 态动词be过去分词”构成： We can repair this watch in two days.= This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.= It shou
8、ld be done at once.六、特殊情况 make 和let 表达“使役动词”时，变成被动语态不仅要体现不定式 to do 的结构， let 动词习惯上用 allow 代替表达被动语态中的过去分词“被允许”的含义，详细看例句：1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. =The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday. 2.Mother never lets me watch TV .= I am never allowed to watch TV by mother.
9、somearegames.A.swimmingplayinglish.（一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。）Hespoionwouldbe.当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们的反应是hisevening.今晚我将和朋友在外面吃饭。AnAmer【被动语态同步达标练习】 .单项选择(选自各地中考题)1 .The medicine _in a dry and cool place .(2000 年重庆市) A .keep B .must keep C .must be kept D .must be keep 2 .Today ,the forests have almost gone .People
10、must _down too many trees . (2001 年安徽省)A .stop to out B .stop from cutting C .be stopped to cut D . be stopped from cutting3 .The key _ for locking the classroom door . (2001 年广西省) A .uses B .is used C .is using D .use4 .A new school _over there in two years . (2001 年四川省) A .may build B .may be buil
11、t C .is built5 .Computers are very useful .They can_ sending e-mail (2001 年苏州市) A .use for B .be used of C .be used for D .use of 6 .What a nice garden ! It_ every day . (2000 年武汉市 ) A .is cleaning B .has cleaned C .must clean D .is cleaned7 .This work _next week . (2000 年广西省) A .may finish B .finis
12、h C .finishes D .may be finished8 .My house _in 1995 .We have lived there for five years . (2000 年广西省) A .was built B .has built C .is built D .were built9 .The lost boy_ early this morning . (2000 年四川省) A .found B .was founded C .was found D .founded10.That white building _two years ago ,but it is
13、quite old now . (2000 年河北省) A .built B .was built C .is built D .builds 11 .The big tree_ by my mother ten years ago .(2000 年甘肃省) A .was planted B .planted C .has planted D .was planting【综合能力训练】 .用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。1 .English _widely_(use) in the world . 2 .She_(fall) ill last night ,and she_(take) t
14、o the hospital at once .3 .These pictures must_ (keep) well . 4 ._the street lights usually _(turn) on at seven in summer evening ?5 .Now rice and wheat_(grow) in my hometown ,too .Look !The crops_(grow) fast in the fields .6 .The Great Wall (know) all over the world . 7 . _this kind of car_(produce) in Wuhan ?8 ._the doctor_(send) for last night ? 9 .We used a teapot before the thermos_(invent) .10 .Three children_(take) good care of by the nurse . 11 .Some new houses_(build) by the villagers themselves .12 .What language _(speak) in Japan ? 13 .The black bike_
