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1、考研英语一湖南省郴州市汝城县2023年高分冲刺试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从下列各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The human nose is an underestimat
2、ed tool. Humans are often thought to be 1_ smellers compared with animals, but this is largely because, unlike animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 2 to detecting those smells which float through the air, 3 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact though, we are ex
3、tremely sensitive to smells, even if we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 4 human smells even when these are 5 to far below one part in one million. 6 , some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, while others are sensitive to the smells of both flowe
4、rs. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 7 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 8 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive t
5、o it when 9 to it often enough.The 10 for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 11 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 12 new receptors if necessary. This may also explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not
6、 13 of the usual smell of our own house but we 14 new smells when we visit someone elses. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors _ 15 for unfamiliar and emergency signals such as the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1. AsensitiveBoutstandingCinsensitiveDawkward2. Alim
7、itedBcommittedCdevotedDconducted3. AcatchingBignoringCmissingDtracking4. AdistinguishingBdiscoveringCdeterminingDdetecting5. AreducedBreservedCrescuedDrefused6. AFortunatelyBStrangelyC HappilyDAmazingly7. AunusualBparticularCuniqueDtypical8. AsignsBinformationCmessagesDsignals9. AsubjectedBleftCdraw
8、nDexposed10A. expectationBexpressionCextensionDexplanation11.A convenientBcompetitiveCinefficientDadequate12.A introduceBgatherCdevelopDproduce13.A sureBsickCawareD tired14.A tolerateBresistCneglectDnotice15.A availableBreliableCvaluableDsuitableSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read
9、the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1No spacecraft will ever land on the sun. the sun is a flaming ball of gas that reaches thousands of degrees Fahrenheit. But next year, a ship from Earth wi
10、ll fly closer to it than any man made craft has flown before. The mission(任务)is a big development for scientists and, maybe, for everyone else.In September 2018, NASA plans to launch the Parker Solar Probe. After a journey of nearly 90 million miles, it will fly within 3.8 million miles of the sun.
11、within two months of launching, the probe is expected to reach the suns corona(日冕). Thats the suns outer atmosphere of gases.Getting there wont be easy. Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult. But that hasnt stopped engineers from trying. Temperatures in
12、 the corona can reach millions of degrees. The probe will limit itself to regions where things get no hotter than 2,10oF. Thats still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. But a 4.5-inch-thick heat shield(罩)will protect the probes camera and scientific instruments.NASA says the data the probe collects
13、 could provide knowledge into the physics of stars. Our sun is special to us. But as a star, its rather common. So the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars of its mass and color.Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms. During solar
14、 storms, charged particles stream through the solar system. They can disable communications satellites and shut down powder systems. One study has found that a very intense solar storm could cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the US alone. It could also black out the East Coast for a year.Understa
15、nding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves. That could make even a mission with a billion-plus price tag one of NASAs great bargains.1、What can we learn about the probe?AItll fly closer to the sun that the previous onesBIts the first man made instrument to fly to the sunCItll get to the core of the sun in nearly two monthsDItll fly about 3.8 million miles to reach the corona.2、What is the challenge for the engineers?ADirecting the probe to collect dataBReduci
