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1、中学英语阅读理解专练小卷（七）Barber poles are one of those symbols that everyone recognizes. The red and white stripes (条) around a pole outside a shop let everyone know that this is a good place to get a haircut.While most everyone recognizes this symbol immediately, you might not know what it actually means. As
2、 it turns out, the meanings behind the barber pole and its colors have a rather gruesome history that may just surprise you.Back in the Middle Ages, barbers did more than haircuts and shaves.Barbers also offered certain medical services, like bloodletting. Bloodletting was used to treat many disease
3、s from the simple, like throat pain, to more dangerous illnesses like infectious disease.Surgeons often wouldnt do “simple” tasks like bloodletting as they considered it too ordinary. So barbers took over the task, along with other procedures like tooth extraction, and treatment for wounds and broke
4、n bones. In fact, barbers became known as “barber-surgeons” because of the broad range of services they offered. This continued until the mid to late 18th century, when treatments like bloodletting began to fall out of fashion.At first, barber-surgeons advertised their services to a largely illitera
5、te (文盲的) public by placing a bowl of blood in their windows. However, later a law banned this practice, which meant that barbers needed to find another way. Then the red-and-white striped pole rapidly became the symbol of barber-surgeons afterward.According to historians, the red was meant to repres
6、ent blood, while the white symbolized the bandages. The colors are wrapped around a stick because this represents the sticks that patients would hold in order to make the veins (血管) of their arms stand out. When the procedure was finished, barber-surgeons would wash the bandages, wrap them around th
7、e sticks, and place them outside to dry. In Europe, barber poles are red and white, so the blue stripe is a United States addition to represent the color of veins.So next time youre heading to the barber, remember the history behind thecolors of the pole.85What does the underlined word “gruesome” in
8、 Paragraph 2 probably mean?AEmbarrassing.BHorrible.CGlorious.DUnforgettable.86What was included in barbers services in the 17th century?ASelling beauty products.BTreating a toothache.CPerforming big operations.DProviding physical examination.87What can we know about the blue stripes around the barbe
9、r pole?AThey were used to stop bleeding.BThey were designed to calm patients.CThey stood for the color of veins.DThey can be found in Europe.88What can be the best title for the passage?AWhat Is the Story behind Haircuts?BWhy Barber Poles Become Popular?CWhat Is the History of Barbers Shop?DWhy Are
10、Barber Poles Red, White and Blue?Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (UMass Amherst) recently announced that they have figured out how to engineer a biofilm (生物膜) that harvests the energy in evaporation (蒸发) and changes it to electricity. This biofilm, which was announced in Natur
11、e Communications, has the potential to revolutionize the world of wearable electronics, powering everything from personal medical sensors to personal electronics.“This is a very exciting technology,” says Liu Xiaomeng, graduate student in electrical and computer engineering in UMass Amhersts College
12、 of Engineering and the papers lead author. “It generates real green energy, and unlike other so-called green-energy sources, its production is totally green.”Thats because this biofilm-which is a sheet of bacterial cells and as thin as a sheet of paper-is produced naturally by an, engineered versio
13、n of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens (硫还原地杆菌). G. sulfurreducens is known to produce electricity and has been used previously in “microbial batteries” to power electrical equipment. But such batteries require that G. sulfurreducens be properly cared for and fed a constant diet. By contrast, t
14、his new biofilm, which can supply as much energy as a comparably sized battery, works continuously, because it is dead. And because its dead, it doesnt need to be fed.The secret behind this new biofilm is that it makes energy from the moisture (水分) on your skin. Though we daily read stories about so
15、lar power, at least 50% of the solar energy reaching the earth goes toward evaporating water. “This is a huge, undiscovered source of energy,” says Yao Jun, professor of electrical and computer engineering at UMass Amherst, and the papers one senior author. Since the surface of our skin is constantl
16、y moist with sweat, the biofilm can “plug into” it and change the energy locked in evaporation into enough energy to power small equipment. “Our next step is to increase the size of our film to power more intelligent wearable electronics,” says Yao, and Liu points out that one of the goals is to power entire electronic systems, rather than single equipment.89What function is the biofilm expected to achiev
