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1、2023学年上海市高中名校自招考试英语专项（完形填空（题干15个选项）练习Experts often tell students to put their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.Butrecent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are 1 .One of the winners of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist MortenMeldaL
2、 When describing his career,Meldal said he 2 as an engineer but changed tochemistry because,he“wanted to understand the world.MeldaPs experience and the way he seesthings may come as a(n)3 to students.They might believe they have to 4 theirwork and school lives in one field to be successful.But a st
3、udy from professors at Michigan StateUniversity 5 that belief.They said that many Nobel Prize winners can be described as44polymaths,those who have many 6 interests in both their work and personal lives.The professors looked at past Nobel Prize winners and their students.They decided that when7 of w
4、inners go on to win Nobel Prizes,some of what they learned from their teachers ishow to live a life with many interests.They are,in a way,learning how to be 8.Having many interests 9 scientists to look for innovative ways to address problems.Infact,one important part of science is not discovering an
5、swers,but 10 problems that need tobe settled.For example,Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by 11techniques he learned from the clothing business.He realized that people who used thread to makeand fix clothing had a skill that could be used in 12 to put new organs into peoples bod
6、ies.One winner in medicine Christiane Nusslein-Volhard once told young scientists to avoidfollowing the“3 and move out of their study areas to be independent and original.14,the Michigan State professors found that most professionals are not like theprize-winners.The prize-winners are special in tha
7、t they 15 look fbr the chances to learnnew things,even outside of their jobs.1.A.scientificB.competingC.essentialD.immediate2.A.started outB.made offC.looked overD.turned aside3.A.distractionB.surpriseC.exampleD.burden4.A.easeB.tipC.treatD.center5.A.exemplifiedB.confirmedC.editedD.rejected6.A.divers
8、eB.similarC.mathematicalD.peculiar7.A.teachersB.studentsC.peersD.children8.A.creativeB.leisureC.academicD.reasonable9.A.spoilsB.poursC.permitsD.starves10.A.abandoningB.recognizingC.capitalizingD.worsening11.A.shrinkingB.trackingC.individualizingD.transferring12.A.operationsB.enginesC.clothingD.machi
9、nery13.A.cornerstoneB.mainstreamC.upkeepD.outflow14.A.As a resultB.On the contraryC.In a rowD.At a cost15.A.unevenlyB.fruitlesslyC.regularlyD.reluctantlyResearchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell.Recent studies havefound,among other things,that the smell of foods like pizza can
10、 cause uncontrollable anger in16 on roads.The review explains that smell is unique in its effect on the 17.According toConrad King,the researcher who carried out the review,more than any other senses,the sense ofsmell goes through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems concerned with1
11、8.This is why the smell of baking bread can 19 the best intentions of onegoing on a diet.”Smell,which reveals the unbelievable 20 of food tastes,has always been the leastunderstood of our senses.Our noses are able to detect up to 10,000 21 smells.Ourability to smell and taste this extremely large ra
12、nge of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes,which make up an amazing 3%of the human genome（基因组）.Researchers RichardAxel and Linda Buck were together awarded a Nobel Prize in 2004 fbr their ground-breakingresearch on the 22 of this extraordinary sense.These two scientists were the first
13、 todescribe the family of 1,000 olfactory（嗅觉的）genes and to explain how our olfactory systemworks.According to one study in the research review,smelling fresh pizza or even the packaging offast foods can be enough to make drivers feel 23 with other road users.They are thenmore likely to speed and exp
14、erience uncontrollable anger on roads.The most reasonableexplanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry,and therefore 24 to satisfytheir appetites.25,the smells of peppermint and cinnamon were shown to improve concentrationlevels as well as reduce drivers5 impatience.26,the smells of lem
15、on and coffeeappeared to promote clear thinking and mental focus.However,the way that genes 27 smell differs from person to person.A study byresearchers in Israel has identified at least 50 olfactory genes which are 28 in somepeople and not in others.They believe this may 29 why some of us love some
16、 smellsand tastes while others hate them.The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly everyhuman being shows a 30 pattern of active and inactive smell-detecting receptors.16.A.pedestrians B.policemen C.cyclists D.drivers17.A.emotion B.behavior C.brain D.body18.A.intelligence B.ability C.thinking D.feelings19.A.destroyB.decreaseC.revealD.satisfy20.A.taskB.complexityC.influenceD.creation21.A.strangeB.peculiarC.distinctD.extinct22.A.intentionB natureC.creationD.development23.A.impatient
