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1、2021-2022学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区高一（下）期中英语试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第 一 节（共 4 小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。1.（7.5 分）Most of us are aware that we must take care of the environment,and the majority ofus take steps to save energy and reduce waste and pollution.But recently some green truths*have
2、 been shown to be only half true,or even completely false.Here are some commonones.Which are really green?Its better to take a shower than a bath.It depends on how long you spend in the shower and how large your bath is.If you spendmore than eight minutes in a shower,youll use as much water as in a
3、bath-about 50litres of water.Therefore,the key is to keep your shower time as short as possible.Eating local food is good for the environment.It seems like common sense：eating local food should be better for the environment,because it does not need to be transported long distances and kept cold duri
4、ngtransport.Unfortunately,it is not that simple.In some cases,local produce might have usedmore energy and produced more greenhouse gases than produce grown a long way away.When we tun off a device,such as television,it goes into stand-by mode.Devices in thismode still use power,and older devices in
5、 stand-by mode can use even more.This happensbecause electricity continues to leak from the device,even when it is turned off*.To make sureyour appliances are in fact off,remove the plug from its power supply.Environmental awareness is now part of daily life.But its worth checking common ideasand op
6、inions to see whats really green.（1）What food is more environmentally friendly?A.It all depends.B.None of them.C.Local produce.D.Non-native food.（2）Which of the following best suits the blank?A.When you turn off a device,it still uses power.B.When you tun off a device,it stops using power.C.Unpluggi
7、ng a device is better than turning off a device.D.Going into stand-by mode is better than turning off a device.（3）Why does the author write this passage?A.To tell the truth about some green truths.B.To call on people to protect the environment.C.To explain the significance of energy-saving.D.To pres
8、ent some practical ways to reduce waste.2.（10 分）Rachel Carson was a scientist by profession,but the lines from the open chapter of her1962 book Silent Spring.A Fable for Tomorrow,show her talent as a writer.By imagining aworld without birds,she aimed to alert（使警 惕）not only the scientific community b
9、ut alsothe general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystem-inparticular,to the harmful use of pesticides（杀虫剂），such as DDT.She believed that thechemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants,animals and even humans,andwished to see pesticides used in a more respo
10、nsible,limited and carefully monitored way.Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about thesituation.Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies.The book details theprogramme of removing gypsy moth,which killed birds,in addition to killing
11、 gypsymoths.Another case study was the fire-ant programme that killed cows,but not fire ants.Thebook also gives dozens of other examples of removal programmes that did nothing to reducethe problems they were originally designed to solve.The 50 or so pages at the end of the booklist Carsons source,sh
12、owing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist.Silent Spring was not,however,received positively by everyone.Though Carsonsresearch was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her book,the bookquickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry.They said that Carson
13、 did notunderstand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine biologist rather than achemist.Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific.These were attempts to damage Carson*s reputation（名 声）and stop her from influencingpublic policy,but she remained determined to
14、stand by her research.Carson appeared in publicand on television to defend her claims-and today,more than 50 years after it waspublished,the voice of Silent Spring is still ringing loud and clear.(1)Which of the following is included in the passage?Background of the bookFeatures of the bookPurposes
15、of the bookResponses to the bookA.B.C.D.(2)Some people questioned Carsons ideas because they thought.A.she lacked sufficient evidenceB.she was ignorant of true scienceC.she was anxious to get the creditD.she was unprofessional in that field(3)Silent Spring is a book that.A.reveals humans to be the r
16、uler of the worldB.charges pesticide industry with immoral actC.illustrates the potential danger of pesticides0.requests people to appreciate the beauty of spring(4)Which of the following can best describe Carson?A.Scientific and forward-looking.B.Ordinary and responsible.C.Courageous and well-educated.Intelligent and adventurous.3.(10 分)Flower scents(香味)help pollinators(传粉者)locate their favorite plants.Scientistshave established that air pollutants change those scents,throwing off the tracking
