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1、高考英语核心词精讲1.abandon /bnd()n/ v.放弃，舍弃，离弃 (近desert, give up, quit) n. 尽情，放纵 【拓展】abandon oneself to 沉湎于；陷入with abandon 恣意地；放纵地；尽情地abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的【例句】Feeling frustrated, I found I gradually abandoned myself to games.感到很沮丧，我渐渐地沉迷于游戏中。At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forget
2、ting the troubles in their lives.聚会上，人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞，把生活中的烦恼抛到了九霄云外。We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.我们看到了一些被遗弃的农场，它们都建于100多年以前。【辨析】abandon，desert， give up均有“放弃”的意思。abandon指完全、最终和永久的放弃。desert强调故意逃避应尽的义务和职责或违背誓言，含有非难或指责之意。give up为常用词，常用于口语。quit强调“主动或自愿地放弃”，常指“停止”。【串记】S
3、ince his wife abandoned him，he abandoned himself to alcohol, living on an abandoned farm.由于他的妻子抛弃了他，他沉迷酒精，住在一个废弃的农场。2.able /eb()l/ a.能够的；有能力的，能干的【拓展】be able to do sth.能够做某事 (同be capable of)ability n.能力；才干to the best of ones ability竭尽全力display ones ability表现自己的才能develop ones ability in 发挥自己才能ability
4、for(in) 的能力ability to do(做)的能力unable a.不能的，无能力的enable v.使能够；使成为可能enable sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事disable v.使失去能力，使残废disabled a.残疾的disability n.残疾【例句】His ability enables him to get a good job.him.他的能力让他找到一个好工作。【串记】Though disabled, he didnt abandon himself.He is able to support himself.His disability is u
5、nable to stop him from living normally.他虽然残疾，但是没有自暴自弃。他能够养活自己。他的残疾不能妨碍他正常生活。3.about /bat/ad.大约；到处；四处；prep.关于；在各处；四处 (近around)【拓展】talk about 谈论 walk about 到处溜达 move about 走来走去 throw about 到处扔be about to do sth.正要/即将做某事be about to do sth.when即将做某事就How/What about? 怎么样？【例句】How about walking about in the
6、 park? 去公园里逛逛怎么样？【串记】The disabled man was about to move about when the doctor stopped him.那个残疾人正要四处走动，医生拦下了他。4.above /bv/ prep.在上面，超过(近over)；a.上面的；ad.在上面，以上【拓展】above all 首先，首要的是above ones head 超过的理解力above ones income 入不敷出over and above 除之外（还）；多于；过于，太above sea level 海拔高度【例句】We should value health abo
7、ve wealth.我们应该重视健康胜于财富。【串记】According to the above data, our products have gone above the norm, above all, the meat products.根据以上数据，我们的所有产品都已经高于标准，尤其是肉类产品。【辨析】above，over，on均有“在上方，在之上”意义。above和over均指一个物体比另一个物体所处的位置高，且互不接触，但over强调两个物体同处在一个垂直线上，“在正上方”，其反义词是under。而above不一定“在正上方”，其反义词是below。on是指一个物体在另一个物面
8、的上面，两物体互相接触。over还可表示“在上面”即接触并铺盖其上面，还有“遍及”意义，而 above无此含义。on的反义词是beneath。5.abroad /brd/ ad.到/在国外，到/在海外 (同overseas)【拓展】at home and abroad在国内外be all abroad茫然不解，离题太远be all abroad to do anything with 对一窍不通。 from abroad 从国外，从海外get abroad出去，出门(谣言)传出去，传开go travel abroad 到外国，出洋【例句】He abandoned the plan to go
9、abroad for further study due to disability.他因为残疾放弃了出国深造的计划。Hes never been abroad in his life.他有生以来没有出过国。【串记】The disabled mans experience of struggling abroad moves people at home and abroad.那位残疾人在国外的奋斗经历感动了国内外的人。【对比】aboard在飞机/船/车上6.absent /bsnt / a.缺席的；心不在焉的【拓展】be absent from .未出席，缺席(be present at 出
10、席)absentminded absence of mind心不在焉的absence n缺乏，不存在absence from 缺席absence of mind 心不在焉，精神恍惚in the absence of 由于缺乏；(物)不存在；缺少/席during/in ones absence during/in the absence of sb.在某人不在/缺席的时候【例句】He was absent from the meeting for one reason or another.他因为某种原因而没有出席会议。However, learning English as a foreign
11、 language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in my absence.明天我要去出差；我不在时马克管理公司。He failed in the exam because of his absence of mind.他因心不在焉而考试不及格。【串记】Above 5 pupils w
12、ere absent from class in the head teachers absence.在班主任不在时，超过五个学生翘课。7.absorb /bzb; -sb/ v.吸收(同take in)；吸引【拓展】(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention吸引某人的注意力be absorbed by/into为所吸收；被吞并(吸引)(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的，专注的(be) absorbed in .全神贯注于(3)absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的absorption n.吸收；全神贯注，专心致志【例句】The write
13、r was absorbed in his writing so that he forgot to have his lunch.这位作家专注于写作，结果忘了吃午饭。Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.几分钟的时间酒精就会被吸收到血流中并开始对大脑起作用。【串记】Only if you are absorbed in what you are reading can you absorb the main point.只有当你全神贯注于
14、你所读的东西时，你才能吸收要点。易错点拨be absorbed in结构在句中作状语或定语时，常用absorbed in.形式。类似的结构还有：be lost in 专心致志于be caught/trapped in 被困在be buried in 埋头于be involved in 专注于be devoted to 专心于be occupied in 忙于8.accept/ksept/ vt.接受；承认；同意；接纳【拓展】acceptas把认作为acceptable adj.可接受的accepted adj普遍接受的，一般公认的acceptant adj愿接受的，开放的acceptance
15、n.接受；接纳；赞同【例句】I have no choice but to accept the challenge. 我没有别的选择只能接受挑战。I cannot accept you as my assistant我不能答应你当我的助手。Weve accepted that well vote tomorrow我们同意明天表决。【串记】Your apology is unacceptable, so I refuse to acceptit.你的道歉不可接受，因此我拒绝接受。【辨析】accept/receiveaccept接受，认可，指经过考虑自己同意或愿意接受；receive接到，收到，指收到东西的一种行为，并不表示本人是否愿意接受。9.access
