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1、考点十七 过去将来时常见考法：对于过去将来时的考查，多以单选、词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用过去将来时，以及如何正确使用。过去将来时多用于宾语从句中。过去将来时的含义过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。如：I didnt know if he would come. 我不知道他是否会来。They never knew that population would become a big problem.他们从来都不知道人口问题将会成为一个大问题。She didnt tell me
2、 where she would go.她没有告诉我她要去哪儿。Betty said she would visit the Great Wall next Saturday.贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。过去将来时基本构成同一般将来时，把系动词be变为过去式，把will，shall变为过去式。句型如下：肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形+其他主语+would（should）+动词原形+其他否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形+其他主语+would（should）not+动词原形 +其他疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+go
3、ing to+动词原形+其他Would（Should）+主语+动词原形+其他过去将来时的表达1. would + 动词原形。常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。如：He said he would come to see me. 他说他要来看我。He told me he would go to Beijing. 他告诉我他将去北京。2. was/were + going to + 动词原形。常可用来表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。如：She said she was going to start off at once. 她说她将立即出发。I was told that he was going
4、to return home. 有人告诉我他准备回家。此结构还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。如：It seemed as if it was going to rain. 看来好像要下雨。3. was/were about toI couldnt go to Toms birthday party as I was about to go to hospital.我不能参加汤姆的生日会，因为我要去医院。4. was/were to这些形式可以表示曾在过去预计发生并且发生了的事，或者表示过去无法预见的结果，常用在间接引语的宾语从句。如：Little did they know
5、they were to be reunited ten years later. 他们不会知道十年后他们将会重逢。5. come，go，leave，arrive，start等动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。如：He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。She told me she was going to go shopping.她告诉我她要去购物。6. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如：I didnt know when she would come, but
6、when she came I would let you know.我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。The teacher said that it would be very difficult to make progress if I didnt work hard.老师说，如果我不努力学习的话，就很难取得进步。7. 过去将来时态中的否定形式。如：The radio broadcast said that it was not going to snow tomorrow.电台广播说明天不会下雪。He explained that he was not going to ta
7、ke part in the sports meeting.他解释说他将不参加运动会。过去将来时的基本用法1. 表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。如：I didnt know if he would come. 我不知道他是否会来。（指过去不知道。）She told us that she would not go with us, if it rained.她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不和我们一起去了。It was six oclock. The sun would soon set. 这时是六点钟，太阳即将落山。In Berlin,
8、he first met the woman whom he would one day marry. 在柏林，他第一次遇见那个女人，后来他终于跟她结了婚。2. 过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，一律用would。如：When I worked on a farm, I used to get up at 5 a.m. 我在农场劳动时，总是早上5点钟起床。Most often we would find him lying on a couch, reading. 我们经常看到他躺在一张长沙发上看书。在该用法中，有时也可用used to代替would，但是当表示过去的
9、状态或今昔对比时，只能用used to。如：She used to be a thin girl, but now shes on the fatty side. 她曾是个苗条女孩，但现在却变得很胖。3. 表示主观打算、计划要做的事情或根据过去的某种迹象做出的推测，用was/were going to + 动词原形表示。如：Last Sunday we were going to visit the Great Wall, but it rained. 上星期天我们本想去游览长城的，但却下雨了。五、过去将来时与一般将来时的比较一般将来时是表示从现在看来将要发生的情况，而过去将来时则是表示从过去
10、看来将要发生的情况，所以从理论上说，只要把考查的时间从现在移到过去，那么一般将来时的用法就变成了过去将来时的用法。He says that he wont lend me a penny. 他说他一便士都不愿借给我。He said that he wouldnt lend me a penny. 他说过他一便士都不愿借给我。Tom says that he will never get married. 汤姆说他永远不结婚。Tom said that he would never get married. 汤姆说过他永远不结婚。过去将来时典型错例分析1. 我们不知道他是否要在会上发言。 误：W
11、e didnt know whether he is going to speak at the meeting. 正：We didnt know whether he was going to speak at the meeting. 析：该句主句为过去时，且宾语从句表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作，所以从句要用过去将来时态。2. 老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么。 误：The teacher asked Tom what he was going to be when he would grow up. 正：The teacher asked Tom what he was going t
12、o be when he grew up. 析：在时间状语从句中，常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。3. 他们说如果下星期天不下雨他们就去农场。 误：They said that they were going to the farm if it would not rain the next Sunday. 正：They said that they were going to the farm if it didnt rain the next Sunday. 析：在条件状语从句中，也常用一般过去时表示在过去看来将要发生的动作。4. 王林打电话告诉她妈妈，她要买一些书。 误：Wa
13、ng Lin rang up to tell her mother that she should buy some books. 正：Wang Lin rang up to tell her mother that she would buy some books. 析：过去将来时可以由助动词should/would+动词原形构成，但should一般只用于第一人称。而would可用于各种人称。5. 上次我见到你时，你正打算开始乘火车去西藏。 误：Last time I saw you, you had started to go to Tibet by train. 正：Last time
14、I saw you, you were going to start to go to Tibet by train. 析：last time是一般过去时或过去将来时的显著标志。用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Miss Zhang said she _(visit) the Great Wall next summer. 2. She told him that she _(not stay) here for long. 3. I wasnt sure whether Lucy_(come) the next year. 4. The scientists said the worlds po
15、pulation _ (slow) down in future. 5. She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning. 6. I wasnt sure whether he _(lend) me his book the next morning. 7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _(be) fifty-eight. 8. Whenever she has time, she _(help) them in their work.1.（2019 江苏省无锡市）Uncle Sam said he _ my birthday party, but he never showed up. Thats Uncle Sam. He forgets everything! A. will attendB. would attendC. has attende
