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1、非谓语动词2022年中考英语第二轮复习课标知识要求 非谓语动词动词不定式形式基本形式：to动词原形；省略to的不定式否定形式：nottodo句法功能课标要求：作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语课标未作要求：作主语、定语动名词形式基本形式：动词原形+ing否定形式：not动名词句法功能句法功能：作主语、表语、宾语、定语分词（课标未作要求）类别现在分词、过去分词句法功能作定语、状语、补语一、动词不定式基本形式：基本形式：to动词动词原形；原形；省略省略to的不定式的不定式否定形式：否定形式：not to do示例：示例：mom told me not to go out in the eveving.动
2、词不定式的句法功能功能例句主语Tokeeptheclassroomisimportant.宾语I want to keep the classroom clean.宾语补足语Our teacher advises us to keep the classroom clean.状语目的状语I collect rubbish to keep the classroom clean.原因状语I am happy to keep the classroom clean.结果状语I am free enough to clean the classroom.定语I am not free now.I h
3、ave many things to do.1.1.常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词agreeaffordarrangechoosedaredecideexpecthelphopemanageofferlearnplanpreparepromiserefusewantwish 2.2.常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词allowexpectwishteachadviseaskorderwarninviteforcetellwantwouldlikeencourage3.3.常见省略常见省略toto的动词不定式的动词不定式1）感官动词和使
4、动词后feelhear,listento,see,watch,notice,lookatlet,make,have2）help后helpsb.(to)dosth.3）不定式的并列He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.4）but,except前若有动词do，其后的动词Wehavenothingtodobutwait.5）固定搭配could/Would/Will you please(not)do sth?Why not do sth.4.4.动词不定式的常用句型动词不定式的常用句型1Itsonesturntodosth.轮到某人做某事了2
5、Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.某人花多长时间做某事3Itstime(forsb.)todosth.是（某人）该做的时候了4sb.+be+adj.+todosth.某人做是5find/think/feelitadj.todosth.发现/认为/感到做某事是的6prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事7too.to.太而不能二、动名词1.动动名名词词（V+ing)的用法的用法2.常常见见接接动动名名词词作作宾语宾语的的动词动词（短（短语语）3.既可接既可接动动名名词词也可接也可接动词动词不定式的不定式的动词动词1.1.动名词
6、（动名词（V+ing)V+ing)的用法的用法功能例句主语Seeingisbelieving.表语Herhobbyisplantingdifferentkindsofflowers.宾语动词宾语Iwillfinishreadingthebook.介词宾语Youcantstoppeoplefromsayingwhattheythink.定语Ourcountryisadevelopingcountry2.2.常见接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）常见接动名词作宾语的动词（短语）avoidconsiderenjoyfinishimaginekeepmindpracticesuggesthave fun d
7、oing sth.be interested in doing sth.see sb.doing sth.be/get used to doing sth.be busy(in)doing sth.be worth doing sth.cant/couldnt help doing sth.feel like doing sth.give up doing sth.look forward to doing sth.be good at doing sth.thank you for doing sth.3.3.既可接动名词也可接动词不定式的动词既可接动名词也可接动词不定式的动词stopdoi
8、ngsth.停止做某事 to do sth.停下来再做另一事trydoing sth.尝试做某事 to do sth.设法或尽力做某事forget/rememberdoing sth.做过某事 to do sth.忘记/记得要做某事needdoing sth.某事需要被做 to do sth.需要做某事regretdoing sth.后悔做过某事 to do sth.很遗憾要做某事meandoing sth.意味着做某事 to do sth.打算或想做某事continuedoing sth.继续做同一某事 to do sth.继续做另一件事（已经完成一项工作）三、示例讲解1.Ispendmuc
9、hmoretimeplayingbasketballthanI_formylessons.A.spendtoprepareB.dopreparingC.dotoprepareD.spendprepare【答案】B【解析】本题考查省略用法。用do代替上文的动词spend以避免重复,spendsthindoingsth.是固定用法,句意为“相比花很长时间去准备功课，我把更多的时间花在玩篮球上”。故选C。2.Whatbadweatheritwas!Wedecide_.A.togooutB.nottogooutC.tonotgooutD.notgoingout【答案】B【解析】本题考查动词不定式做宾语
10、的用法。由句意“天气不好”可判断不出去了，排除A。decide后只能跟定与不定式todo,意为“决定做某事”，不定式的否定式为nottodo。故选B。3.Itsverynice_you_myparentsyourbestwishes.A.of;sendingB.of;tosendC.for;tosendD.for;sending【答案】B【解析】本题考查动词不定式做主语的用法。Its+nice/good/clever/careless/carefulofsb.todosth.是个固定结构。故选B。4.Janesmotherpreferred_TVathometo_totheconcert.A.
11、towatch;goB.watching;goingC.watching;goD.towatch;going【答案】B【解析】本题考查preferdoingsth.todoingsth.“比起来更喜欢”。句意为“简的母亲宁愿在家看电视，也不愿去参加音乐会”。故选B。5.Theartexhibitionisreally_,andyouresuretolearnalotfromit.A.visitB.tovisitC.visitedD.visiting【答案】D【解析】本题考查beworthdoingsth,“值得做某事”。句意为“这次艺术展真值得参观,你一定从中学到很多东西”。故选D6.TodayisSusansbirthday,amongthose_aresomeoldfriendsofmine.A.invitingB.invitationsC.toinviteD.invited【答案】D【解析】本题考查分词作定语的用法。invited修饰指示代词作后置定语，与those有一种动宾关系。故选D。Bye,Bye!感恩学习，成就明天
