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1、语法专题九、非谓语动词（必考）考点精讲非谓语动词，是指在句子中不能做谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。现在分词用于进行时，过去分词用于现在完成时和被动语态。初中阶段主要考查不定式和动名词，本文就讲解这两大考点。分词详见后面的时态和语态专题。考点1：不定式to do（中考必考）定义和用法: 不定式to 可以做主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语（表目的）、定语（to放后修饰前面的名代）。常考点就是to do 做宾语或宾补，哪些动词后加to do，背下面的搭配。 后面常用动词不定式作宾语的搭配有：would like to do sth (乐意做某事)want to do s
2、th (想要做某事)decide to do sth (决定做某事)plan to do sth (计划做某事)begin / start to do sth (开始做某事)Try to do sth (设法做某事) pretend to do sth(假装做某事)hope to do sth (希望做某事) agree to do sth (同意做某事)learn to do sth (学会做某事) need to do sth (需要做某事)promise to do sth (答应做某事) refuse to do sth (拒绝做某事) used to do sth (过去常做某事)a
3、fford to do sth (负担得起做某事) 后面常用动词不定式作宾补的搭配有：ask sb. to do sth. (叫某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth. (告诉某人做某事)allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事)wish sb to do sth (希望做某事)want sb. to do sth. (想要某人做某事)advise sb to do sth (建议某人做某事)invite sb. to do sth. (邀请某人做某事)expect sb to do sth (期待某人做某事)Encourage sb to do sth (鼓励某
4、人做某事)Teach sb to do sth (教某人做某事)考点2省略to 的动词不定式(1) 使役动词和感官动词，动词不定式做宾补时，主动语态时不定式省“to ”, 被动语态时要补回“to ”，这点详见被动语态专题。下面我们识记一些常见搭配：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事see sb. do / doing sth 看见某人做/ 正做某事let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事watch sb do / doing sth 观看某人做/ 正做某事have sb. do sth. 请某人做某事find sb do / doing sth.发现某人做/ 正做某事had b
5、etter (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事Hear sb do / doing sth. 听见某人做/ 正做某事prefer to do rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做而不愿Why dont you do ?=Why not do sth.？ 为什么不做？Would / could you please (not) do sth.？ 请你(不)好吗？考点3 动名词 （动词ing形式，作用相当于名词） 动名词，顾名思义就是动词作名词用，在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。中考常考点是动名词
6、做主语。另一考点就是常接动名词的一些搭配。常考词组和句型：enjoy / like doing sth (喜欢做某事)feel like doing sth (想要做某事)keep doing sth (保持做某事) hate doing sth (讨厌做某事) mind doing sth (介意做某事) spend time doing sth (花时间做某事) finish doing sth (完成做某事)practise doing sth (练习做某事)consider doing sth (考虑做某事)cant help doing sth (禁不住做某事)be busy doi
7、ng sth (忙于做某事) be worth doing sth (值得做某事)have fun doing sth (玩得开心)have problems/trouble doing sth (做某事有困难)注意：所有的介词(in，at，for，of, on，from，up，about，to, with, without等)后 doing，下列几个词组的“to”为介词 be/get used to doing 习惯于做某事 prefer doing to doing 宁愿做而不愿look forward to doing 盼望着做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某
8、事make a contribution to doing 为做贡献 help oneself to sth. 请自便stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事remember to do sth 记得将做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做了某事forget to do sth. 忘记将做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事continue doing sth 继续做同一件事 continue to do sth. 继续做另一件事考点精练中考语法非谓语动词专项练习（共计50小题，每小题2分，总分100分。）1.
9、 (2022广西壮族自治区历年真题)I usually spend time _ in the library on weekends. A. readB. readingC. readsD. to read【答案】B【解析】句意：周末我通常在图书馆看书。根据题干，可知考查spend.doing sth花费做某事。2. (2022广西壮族自治区历年真题)Our teacher often tells us _ across the road when the traffic light is red.A. goB. goingC. dont goD. not to go【答案】D【解析】句意：
10、我们老师经常告诉我们红灯的时候不要过马路。根据空格后when the traffic light is red.可知，应是“我们老师经常告诉我们红灯的时候不要过马路。”，固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事，此时应使用动词不定式的否定形式作宾补。3. (2022云南省历年真题)Boys and girls, good luck and wish yougood grades on your new journey!A. cuttingB. to cutC. gettingD. to get【答案】D【解析】句意：男孩女孩们，祝你们好运，祝你们在新的旅程中取得
11、好成绩！cut切，动词；get得到，动词；get good grades表示取得好成绩！wish sb. to do sth.表示祝愿某人做某事，其后跟动词不定式to get。故选D。4. (2022山东省历年真题)Diana used to _ to work, but now she is used to _ because the road is crowded and she wants to keep fit.A. drive;walkB. drive;walkingC. driving;walk【答案】B【解析】句意：戴安娜过去常常开车去上班，但现在她习惯步行，因为道路很拥挤，并且
12、她想保持健康。drive开车，驾驶；walk步行。used to do sth.过去常常做某事，固定短语，第一空用动词原形drive; be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，固定短语，第二空用动名词walking。故选B。5. (2022新疆维吾尔自治区历年真题)It seems hopeless to get there on time because there is little time _.A. leavingB. leftC. to leaveD. leaves【答案】B【解析】句意：按时到那儿似乎没有希望了，因为没有多少时间剩下了。分析句子结构可知，句中被修饰的
13、名词time与leave之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词作后置定语。根据句意，故选B。6. (2022全国历年真题)She wants to continue _ until she is 60.A. workingB. to workingC. worksD. worked【答案】A【解析】句意：她想继续工作，直到她60岁。continue doing sth继续做某事，是个固定短语，故选A。7. (2022全国历年真题)I expect _ my grandparents during my summer vacation.A. visitB. tovisitC. visitingD.
14、tovisiting【答案】B【解析】句意：我期望在暑假期间去看望我的祖父母。visit动词，看望；expect to do sth.期待做某事。故选B。8. (2022全国历年真题)The difference between the two words is worth _.A. paying attentionB. to pay attention toC. to pay attentionD. paying attention to【答案】D【解析】句意：这两个词之间的区别值得注意。pay attention to是固定短语，意思是“注意.”，sth. be worth doing 固定短语，某事值得做，固定用法。故选D。9. (2022山东省历年真题)We should do what we can _ those people when they are in trouble.A. to helpB. helpedC. helpD. helping【答案】A【解析】句意：我们应该尽我们所能去帮助那些陷入困境的人。to help不定式；helped过去式；help帮助，动词原形；helping动名词/现在分词。分析句子结构可知，句
