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1、2021-2022年河南省濮阳市考研外语学校:_ 班级:_ 姓名:_ 考号:_一、单选题(3题)1.AconsistBcomposeCcompileDconsume2.AauthorityBpowerCcontrolDruling3.AaudioBauralChearingDlistening二、阅读理解(5题)4.The following statements are true EXCEPT_.Adivorce is usually caused by more than one reasonBa six-year-old boy may fear being deserted by hi
2、s parentsCas the kids grow older, they have a better understanding of divorceDa young girl may feel more shameful on parental divorce than an older boy5.Text 3Scholastic thinkers held a wide variety of doctrines in both philosophy and theology, the study of religion. What gives unity to the whole Sc
3、holastic movement, the academic practice in Europe from the 9th to the 17th centuries, are the common aims, attitudes, and methods generally accepted by all its members. The chief concern of the Scholastics was not to discover new facts but to integrate the knowledge already acquired separately by G
4、reek reasoning and Christian revelation. This concern is one of the most characteristic differences between Scholasticism and modern thought since the Renaissance.The basic aim of the Scholastics determined certain common attitudes, the most important of which was their conviction of the fundamental
5、 harmony between reason and revelation. The Scholastics maintained that because the same God was the source of both types of knowledge and truth was one of his chief attributes, he could not contradict himself in these two ways of speaking. Any apparent opposition between revelation and reason could
6、 be traced either to an incorrect use of reason or to an inaccurate interpretation of the words of revelation. Because the Scholastics believed that revelation was the direct teaching of God, it possessed for them a higher degree of truth and certainty than did natural reason. In apparent conflicts
7、between religious faith and philosophic reasoning, faith was thus always the supreme arbiter; the theologians decision overruled that of the philosopher. After the early 13th century, Scholastic thought emphasized more the independence of philosophy within its own domain. Nonetheless, throughout the
8、 Scholastic period, philosophy was called the servant of theology, not only because the truth of philosophy was subordinated to that of theology, but also because the theologian used philosophy to understand and explain revelation.This attitude of Scholasticism stands in sharp contrast to the so-cal
9、led double-truth theory of the Spanish-Arab philosopher and physician Averros. His theory assumed that truth was accessible to both philosophy and Islamic theology but that only philosophy could attain it perfectly. The so-called truths of theology served, hence, as imperfect imaginative expressions
10、 for the common people of the authentic truth accessible only to philosophy. Averros maintained that philosophic truth could even contradict, at least verbally, the teachings of Islamic theology.As a result of their belief in the harmony between faith and reason, the Scholastics attempted to determi
11、ne the precise scope and competence of each of these faculties. Many early Scholastics, such as the Italian ecclesiastic and philosopher St. Anselm, did not clearly distinguish the two and were overconfident that reason could prove certain doctrines of revelation. Later, at the height of the mature
12、period of Scholasticism, the Italian theologian and philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas worked out a balance between reason and revelation.With the Scholastics, the search for new knowledge _.Astopped completelyBslowed downCadvanced rapidlyDawaked gradually6.The author advises the public to _.Aleave out
13、factors such as unconscious impulsesBdraw lessons of their own from September 11Crespond decisively to September 11 tragedyDaccept decisions beyond our control7.8.Text 2In studying both the recurrence of special habits or ideas in several districts, and their prevalence within each district, there c
14、ome before us ever-reiterated proofs of regular causation producing the phenomena of human life, and of laws of maintenance and diffusion conditions of society, at definite stages of culture. But, while giving full importance to the evidence bearing on these standard conditions of society, let us be
15、 careful to avoid a pitfall which may entrap the unwary student. Of course, the opinions and habits belonging in common to masses of mankind are to a great extent the results of sound judgment and practical wisdom. But to a great extent it is not so.That many numerous societies of men should have believed in the influence of the evil eye and the existence of a firmament, should have sacrificed slaves and goods to the ghosts of the departed, should have handed down traditions of giants slaying monsters and men turning into beastsall this is
